Additional Readings on Extremist Groups

 

            This partial list of readings could be useful for your research papers.  I can also suggest other, more specific, readings for particular topics.  I will add more references as I come across them.

 

General and Social Movements

 

Crenshaw, Martha.  2001.  “Counterterrorism Policy and the Political Process.”

            Studies in Conflict & Terrorism 24:329-337.

 

Freeman, Jo, and Victoria Johnson.  1999.  Waves of Protest: Social Movements Since

            the Sixties.  Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.

 

George, John, and Laird Wilcox.  1996.  American Extremists.  Prometheus.

 

Hamilton, Neil A.  2002.  Rebels and Renegades: A Chronology of Political and

            Social Dissent in the United States.  Independence, KY: Routledge.

 

Hewitt, Christopher.  2003.  Understanding Terrorism in America: From the Klan

            To Al Qaeda.  Independence, KY: Routledge.

 

Hudson, Rex A.  1999.  The Sociology and Psychology of Terrorism: Who Becomes

            A Terrorist and Why? Washington, DC: Federal Research Division, Library

            Of Congress.  http://www.loc.gov/rr/frd/pdf-files/Soc_Psych_of_Terrorism.pdf

 

Mello, Michael.  1999.  The United States of America versus Theodore John Kaczynski:

            Ethics, Power, and the Invention of the Unabomber.  Context Books.

 

Michael, George.  2003.  Confronting Right Wing Extremism and Terrorism in the

            USA.  Independence, KY: Routledge.

 

Mulloy, Darren.  2004.  American Extremism: History, Politics, and the Militia

            Movement.  Independence, KY: Routledge.

 

Rodgers, Jim, and Tim Kullman.  2002.  Facing Terror: The Government’s Response

            To Contemporary Extremists in America.  Lanham, MD: University Press of

            America. ISBN: 0-7618-2215-1

 

Turk, Austin T.  2004.  “Sociology of Terrorism.”  Annual Review of Sociology

            30:271-286.

 

Whine, Michael.  1999.  “Cyberspace--A New Medium for Communication, Command,

            And Control by Extremists.”  Studies in Conflict & Terrorism 22:231-245.

 

Law/Government Response/Law Enforcement Agencies

 

Alexander, Larry.  1992.  “The ADL Hate Crime Statute and the First Amendment.”

            Criminal Justice Ethics 11:49-51.

 

Ancheta, Angelo N.  1993.  “Fighting Hate Violence.”  Trial 29:16-18.

 

Birkland, Thomas A.  ““The World Changed Today”: Agenda-Setting and Policy

            Change in the Wake of the September 11 Terrorist Attacks.”  Review of

            Policy Research 21(2):179-200.

 

Blackstock, Nelson.  1975.  COINTELPRO: The FBI’s Secret War on Political Freedom.

            New York: Vintage Books.

 

Campbell, Kurt M., and Michele A. Flournoy.  2001.  To Prevail: An American

            Strategy for the Campaign Against Terrorism.  Washignton, DC: Center for

            Strategic and International Studies.

 

Churchill, Ward, and James Vander Wall.  1988.  Agents of Repression: The FBI’s

            Secret Wars against the Black Panther Party and the American Indian

            Movement. Cambridge, MA: South End Press.

 

Churchill, Ward, and Jim Vander Wall.  1990.  The COINTELPRO Papers: Documents

            From the FBI’s Secret Wars Against Dissent in the United States.  Cambridge,

            MA: South End Press.

 

Coulson, Daniel O., and Elaine Shannon.  1999.  No Heroes: Inside the FBI's Secret

            Counter-Terror Force.  New York: Pocket Books.

 

Cronin, Audrey, and James M. Ludes.  Eds. 2004.  Attacking Terrorism: Elements of

            A Grand Strategy.  Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press.

 

Davenport, Christian A.  1995.  “Multi-Dimensional Threat Perception and State

            Repression: An Inquiry into Why States Apply Negative Sanctions.”

            American Journal of Political Science 39(3):683-713.

 

Davenport, Christian A.  1996 “Constitutional Promises” and Repressive Reality: A

            Cross-National Time- Series Investigation of Why Political and Civil Liberties

            are Suppressed.”  Journal of Politics 58(3):627-654.

 

Davis, James Kirkpatrick.  1997.  Assault on the Left: the FBI and the Sixties Antiwar

            Movement. Westport, CT: Praeger.

 

Donner, Frank.  1980.  The Age of Surveillance: The Aims and Methods of America’s

            Political Intelligence System.  Knopf.  (see for SWP and BPP as well as

            general law enforcement). Out of Print.

 

Donohue, Laura K., and Juliette N. Kayyem.  2002.  “Federalism and the Battle Over

            Counterterrorist Law: State Sovereignty, Criminal Law Enforcement, and

            National Security.” Studies in Conflict & Terrorism 25:1-18.

 

Fording, Richard C. 1997.  “The Conditional Effect of Violence as a Political Tactic:

            Mass Insurgency, Welfare Generosity, and Electoral Context in the American

            States.”  American Journal of Political Science 41(1):1-29.

 

Fording, Richard C. 2001.  “The Political Response to Black Insurgency: A Critical

            Test of Competing Theories of the State.”  American Political Science

            Review 95(1):115-130.

 

Gerstenfeld, Phyllis B.  2003.  Hate Crimes: Causes, Controls, and Controversies.

            Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.

 

Gerstenfeld, Phyllis B., and Diana R. Grant.  Eds.  2003.  Crimes of Hate:

            Selected Readings.  Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.

 

Gibson, James L.  1988.  “Political Intolerance and Political Repression During the

            McCarthy Red Scare.”  American Political Science Review 82(2):511-529.

 

Gibson, James L. 1989. “The Policy Consequences of Political Intolerance: Political

            Repression During the Vietnam War Era.” The Journal of Politics 51(1):13-35.

 

Grathwohl, Larry. 1976.  Bringing Down America: An FBI Informer With The

            Weathermen.  New Rochelle, NY: Arlington House.

 

Haider-Markel, Donald P., and Sean P. O’Brien. 1997.  “Creating a “Well Regulated

            Militia”: Policy Responses to Paramilitary Groups in the American States.”

            Political Research Quarterly 50(3):551-565.

 

Halperin, Morton, Jerry Berman, Robert Borosage, and Christine Marwick.  1976.

            The Lawless State: The Crimes of the U.S. Intelligence Agencies.  New York:

            Penguin Books.

 

Hamm, Mark S. 1993. American Skinheads: The Criminology and Control of Hate

            Crime. Westport, CT: Praeger Press.

 

Heumann, Milton, Thomas W. Church, and David P. Redlawsk.  Eds. 1997.  Hate

            Speech on Campus: Cases, Case Studies, and Commentary.  Boston:

            Northeastern University Press.

 

Idelson, Holly, and Richard Sammon.  1993.  “Hate-Crimes Bill Drawing Reluctant

            Opposition.”  Congressional Quarterly Weekly Report  51:521.

 

Jacobs, James B.  1992.  “Rethinking the War Against Hate Crimes: A New York

            City Perspective.”  Criminal Justice Ethics 11:55-61.

 

Johnson, Loch K.  2000.  Bombs, Bugs, Drugs, and Thugs: Intelligence and America’s

            Quest for Security.  New York: New York University Press.

 

Miller, John.  2002.  The Cell: Inside the 9/11 Plot, and Why the FBI and CIA Failed to

            Stop It.  Thorndike Press.

 

Mullins, Wayman C. 1988. Terrorist Organizations in the United States. Springfield, IL:

            Charles C. Thomas Books.

 

O'Reilly, Kenneth. 1994. Black Americans: The FBI Files. New York: Carroll & Graf.

 

Rodgers, Jim, and Tim Kullman.  2002.  Facing Terror: The Government’s Response

            To Contemporary Extremists in America.  Lanham, MD: University Press of

            America.

 

Shiell, Timothy C.  1998.  Campus Hate Speech on Trial.  Lawrence, KS: University

            Press of Kansas.

 

Smith, Brent L. 1984. “Antiterrorism Legislation in the United States: Problems and

            Implications.” Terrorism 7:213-31.

 

Smith,  Brent L. 1988. “State Anti-Terrorism Legislation in the United States: A Review

            of Statutory Utilization.” Conflict Quarterly 8:29-47.

 

Smith, Brent L.  1994. Terrorism in America: Pipe Bombs and Pipe Dreams.  Ithaca,

            NY: State University of New York Press.

 

Stock, Catherine McNicol.  1996.  Rural Radicals: From Bacon’s Rebellion to the

            Oklahoma City Bombing.  New York: Penguin Books.

 

Strum, Philippa.  1999.  When the Nazis Came to Skokie: Freedom for Speech We Hate.

            Lawrence, KS: University Press of Kansas.

 

Vizzard, William J.  1997.  In the Cross Fire: A Political History of the Bureau of

            Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms.  Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers.

 

Whitehead, Don.  1970.  Attack On Terror: The FBI Against the Ku Klux Klan in

            Mississippi.  New York: Funk & Wagnalls.

 

Left Wing Groups

 

Bloom, Joseph H.  1999.  “Undermining the Molly Maquires.”  American History

            34(3):54-68.

 

Gibson, James L.  1988.  “Political Intolerance and Political Repression During the

            McCarthy Red Scare.”  American Political Science Review 82(2):511-529.

 

Gibson, James L. 1989. “The Policy Consequences of Political Intolerance: Political

            Repression During the Vietnam War Era.” The Journal of Politics 51(1):13-35.

 

Marquez, Benjamin, and James Jennings.  2000.  “Representation by Other Means:

            Mexican American and Puerto Rican Social Movement Organizations.”

            PS: Political Science and Politics 23(3):541-546.

 

Pincus, Fred L., and Howard J. Ehrlich. Eds. 1994.  Race and Ethnic Conflict:

            Contending Views on Prejudice, Discrimination, and Ethnoviolence.

            Boulder, CO: Westview Press.

 

Black Groups and Black Nationalism

 

Bush, Rod.  1999.  We Are Not What We Seem: Black Nationalism and Class Struggle

            In the American Century.  New York: New York University Press.

 

Cleaver, Kathleen, and George Katsiaficas.  2001.  Liberation, Imagination and the Black

            Panther Party: A New Look at the Black Panthers and Their Legacy.

            Independence, KY: Routledge.

 

Courtright, John A.  1974.  “Rhetoric of the Gun: An Analysis of the Rhetorical

            Modifications of the Black Panther Party.”  Journal of Black Studies

            4(3):249-267.

 

Foner, Philip S. ed. 1995.  The Black Panthers Speak.  New York: Da Capo Press.

 

Forman, James.  1985.  The Making of Black Revolutionaries.  Washington, DC:

            MacMillian.

 

Haskins, James.  1972.  Profiles in Black Power.  New York: Doubleday.

 

Jeffries, Judson L.  2002.  Huey P. Newton: The Radical Theorist.  Jackson, MS:

            University Press of Mississippi.

 

Kornweibel, Theodore, Jr.  1998.  “Seeing Red:” Federal Campaigns Against Black

            Militancy, 1919-1925.  Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press.

 

Meier, August, John Bracey Jr., and Elliott Rudwick. Eds.  1991.  Black Protest

            In the 1960s.  New York: Markus Wiener Publishing, Inc.

 

Moses, Wilson Jeremiah.  Ed. 1996.  Classical Black Nationalism: From the American

            Revolution to Marcus Garvey.  New York: New York University Press.

 

Smith, Jennifer B.  1999.  An International History of the Black Panther Party.

            New York: Garland Publishing.

 

Wood, John A.  2002.  The Panthers and the Militias: Brothers Under the Skin?

            New York: University Press of America.

 

Environment and Animal Rights

 

Abbey, Edward. 1985.  10th ed. The Monkey Wrench Gang.  Dream Garden Press.

            (originally published in 1975)

 

Ackerman, Gary A.  2003. “Beyond Arson? A Threat Assessment of the Earth

            Liberation Front.”  Terrorism and Political Violence 15(4):143-170.

 

Guither, Harold D.  1998.  Animal Rights: History and Scope of a Radical Social

            Movement.  Carbondale, IL: Southern Illinois University Press.

 

Jasper, James M.  1999.  Recruiting Intimates, Recruiting Strangers: Building the

            Contemporary Animal Rights Movement.  In Waves of Protest:

            Social Movements Since the Sixties, eds. Jo Freeman and Victoria Johnson. 

            Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield. Pp. 65-82.

 

Jasper, James M., and Dorothy Nelkin.  1992.  The Animal Rights Crusade: The

            Growth of Moral Protest.  New York: Free Press.

 

Leader, Stefan H., and Peter Probst. 2003. “The Earth Liberation Front and

            Environmental Terrorism.”  Terrorism and Political Violence 15(4):37-58.

 

Lewis, Martin W. 1994.  Green Delusions: An Environmentalist Critique of Radical

            Environmentalism.  Duke Univ Press.

 

Lutherer, Lorenz Otto.  1992.  Targeted: The Anatomy of an Animal Rights Attack.

            Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press.

 

Monaghan, Rachel.  2000.  “Single-Issue Terrorism: A Neglected Phenomenon?”

            Studies in Conflict & Terrorism 23:255-265.

 

Newkirk, Ingrid. 2000.  Free the Animals: The Amazing True Story of the Animal

            Liberation Front.  Lantern Books.

 

Newkirk, Ingrid. 1992.  Free the Animals: The Amazing True Story of the Animal

            Liberation Front.  Noble Press.

 

Silverstein, Helena.  1996.  Unleashing Rights: Law, Meaning, and the Animal

            Rights Movement.  Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.

 

Singer, Peter.  1977.  Animal Liberation.  Avon Books.

 

Taylor, Bron.  2003. “Threat Assessments and Radical Environmentalism.”

            Terrorism and Political Violence 15(4):173-182.

 

Taylor, Bron Raymond.  Ed.  1995. Ecological Resistance Movements : The

            Global Emergence of Radical and Popular Environmentalism.  State

            University of New York Press.

 

Wall, Derek.  1999.  Earth First! and the Anti-Roads Movement: Radical

            Environmentalism and Comparative Social Movements.  Routledge.

 

Workman, Dave P.  2003.  Peta Files: The Dark Side of the Animal Rights Movement.

            Merril Press.

 

Right Wing Groups

 

General

 

Bacchetta, Paolo, and Margaret Power.  2002.  Right-Wing Women: From

            Conservatives to Extremists Around the World.  Independence, KY: Routledge.

 

Baumel, Judith Tydor.  1999.  “Kahane in America: An Exercise in Right-Wing Terror.”

            Studies in Conflict  Terrorism 22:311-329.

 

Bennett, David H. 1988. The Party of Fear. Chapel Hill, NC: The University of North

            Carolina Press.

 

Bennett, David H.  1995. 2nd ed. The Party of Fear: The American Far Right from

            Nativism to the Militia Movement.  New York: Vintage Books.

 

Berlet, Chip, and Matthew N. Lyons.  2000.  Right-Wing Populism in America: Too

            Close for Comfort.  New York: The Guilford Press.

 

Burkett, E.  1998.  The Right Women: A Journey Through the Heart of Conservative

            America.  New York: Scibner.

 

Conover, Pamela Johnston. 1983. “The Mobilization of the New Right: A Test of Various

            Explanations.” Western Political Quarterly 36:632-49.

 

Conover, Pamela Hohnston and Virginia Gray.  1983.  Feminism and the New Right:

            Conflict over the American Family.  New York: Praeger Publishers.

 

Durham, Martin.  2000.  The Christian Right, the Far Right and the Boundaries of

            American Conservatism. Manchester, England: Manchester University Press.

 

Farley, Christopher J.  1993.  “Today Los Angeles, Tomorrow...”  Time, July,

            (26. 49).

 

Finch, Phillip. 1983. God, Guts, and Guns. New York: Seaview/Putnam.

 

Gallaher, C. A.  2003.  On the Fault Line: Race, Class, and the American Patriot

            Movement. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield Publishers, Inc.

 

Gibson, James L.  1988.  “Political Intolerance and Political Repression During the

            McCarthy Red Scare.”  American Political Science Review 82(2):511-529.

 

Gibson, James William. 1994.  Warrior Dreams: Violence and Manhood in Post-

            Vietnam America.  New York: Hill & Wang.

 

Hilliard, Robert L., and Michael C. Keith.  1999. Waves of Rancor: Tuning In the

            Radical Right.  Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharpe.

 

Kaplan, J. 1997.  Radical Religion in America: Millenarian Movements from the

            Far Right to the Children of Noah.  Syracuse: Syracuse University Press.

 

Lipset, Seymour Martin, and Earl Raab.  1978.  The Politics of Unreason: Right-Wing

            Extremism in America, 1790-1977.  2nd ed.  Chicago: University of Chicago

            Press.

 

Maxwell, Joe, and Andreas Tapia. 1995. “Guns and Bibles.” Christianity Today 39:34-

            37,45.

 

Mulloy, Darren.  2004.  American Extremism: History, Politics, and the Militia

            Movement.  Independence, KY: Routledge.

 

Nelson, Thomas E., Rosalee A. Clawson, and Zoe M. Oxley.  1997. “Media Framing of

            a Civil Liberties Conflict and Its Effect on Tolerance.”  American Political

            Science Review 91(3):567-583.

 

Pedahzur, Ami.  2001.  “Struggling with the Challenges of Right-Wing Extremism

            And Terrorism with Democratic Boundaries: A Comparative Analysis.”

            Studies in Conflict and Terrorism 24:339-359.

 

Stock, Catherine McNicol.  1996.  Rural Radicals: From Bacon’s Rebellion to the

            Oklahoma City Bombing.  New York: Penguin Books.

 

Toy, Eckard V. Jr. 1989. “Right-Wing Extremism from the Ku Klux Klan to the Order,

            1915-1988.” In Violence in America: Protest, Rebellion, Reform. Vol. 2

            of Violence in America, ed. Ted R. Gurr. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.

 

Williams, Leonard.  1987.  “Ideological Parallels Between the New Left and the New

            Right.”  Social Science Journal  24:317-327.

 

Wood, James E. Jr.  1980.  “Religious Fundamentalism and the New Right.”  Journal

            of Church and State  22:409-421.

 

Militia Groups and Patriot Movement

 

Abanes, Richard.  1996.  American Militias: Rebellion, Racism, and Religion.  Downers

            Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press.

 

Aho, James Alfred.  1995. The Politics of Righteousness: Idaho Christian Patriotism.

            Seattle, WA: University of Washington Press.

 

Akins, J. K. 1998.  God, Guns, and Guts: Religion and Violence in Florida Militias.

            Ph. D. Dissertation, University of Florida Graduate School.

 

Alibhai, Yasmin.  1989.  “Mean Street.”  New Statesman and Society, February,

            (10.).

 

Anti-Defamation League. 1994. Armed and Dangerous: Militias Take Aim at the Federal

            Government. New York: Anti-Defamation       League of B’nai B’rith.

 

_____.1995. Beyond the Bombing: The Militia Menace Grows. New York:

            Anti-Defamation League of B’nai B’rith.

 

Bock, Alan W. 1995. “Weekend Warriors: is the Militia Movement a Threat? National

            Review 47:39-42.

 

Chermak, S. 2002.  Searching for a Demon: The Construction of the Militia Movement.

            Boston: Northeastern University Press.

 

Coates, James. 1987. Armed and Dangerous: The Rise of the Survivalist Right. New

            York: Hill and Wang.

 

Crothers, Lane.  2003.  Rage on the Right: The American Militia Movement from Ruby

            Ridge to Homeland Security.  Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield.

 

Crothers, Lane.  2002.  “The Cultural Foundations of the Modern Militia Movement.”

            New Political Science 24(2):221-234.

 

Dees, Morris, and James Corcoran.  1996.  Gathering Storm: America’s Militia Threat.

            New York: Harper Collins.

 

Durham, Martin.  1996.  “Preparing for Armageddon: Citizen Militia, the Patriot

            Movement and the Oklahoma City Bombing.” Terrorism and Political

            Violence 8(1):65-79.

 

Dyer, Joel.  1997.  Harvest of Rage: Why Oklahoma City is Only the Beginning.

            Boulder, CO: Westview Press.

 

Freeman, Steven M., Debbie Kaminer, and Harlan A. Loeb. 1995.  The ADL

            Anti-Paramilitary Training Statue: A Response to Domestic Terrorism.

            New York: Anti-Defamation League.

 

Freilich, Joshua D. 2003.  American Militias: State-Level Variation in Militia

            Activities.  New York: LFB Scholarly Publishing.

 

Freilich, Joshua D., N. Pichardo-Amanzar, and C. Rivera.  1999.  “How Social

            Movement Organizations Explicitly and Implicitly Promote Deviant

            Behavior: The Case of the Militia Movement.”  Justice Quarterly

            16(3):655-683.

 

Freilich, Joshua D., J. A. Pienik, and G. J. Howard.  2001.  “Toward Comparative

            Studies of the U.S. Militia Movement.”  International Journal of

            Comparative Sociology 62(1-2): 163-210.

 

Griffin, Denise.  1999.  Militias and Paramilitary Training.  Washington, DC:

            National Conference of State Legislatures.

 

Griffin, Denise, and L. Cheryl Runyon.  2000.  The Radical Common Law Movement

            and Paper Terrorism: The State Response.  Washington, DC: National

            Conference of State Legislatures.

 

Haider-Markel, Donald P, and Sean P. O’Brien.  1997.  “Creating a “Well Regulated

            Militia”: Policy Responses to Paramilitary Groups in the American States.”

            Political Research Quarterly 50(3):551-565.

 

Hamilton, Neil A.  1996.  Militias in America.  Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, Inc.

 

Katz, R. S., and J. Bailey.  2000.  “The Militia, a Legal and Social Analysis: Will the

            Real Militia Stand Up? Militia Hate Group or the Constitutional Militia?”

            Sociological Focus 33(2): 133-151.

 

Kimmel, M., and A. Ferber.  2000.  “White Men Are This Nation: Right Wing Militias

            And the Restoration of Rural Masculinity.” Rural Sociology 65(4):582-604.

 

Kramer, J. 2002.  Lone Patriot: The Short Career of an American Militiaman.  New

            York: Pantheon Books.

 

Levitas, Daniel.  2002.  The Terrorist Next Door: The Militia Movement and the

            Radical Right. New York: St. Martin’s Press.

 

Mariani, M. 1998.  “The Michigan Militia: Political Engagement or Political

            Alienation?” Terrorism and Political Violence 10(4): 122-148.

 

Mulloy, Darren.  2004.  American Extremism: History, Politics, and the Militia

            Movement.  Independence, KY: Routledge.

 

O’Brien, Sean P., and Donald P. Haider-Markel.  1998.  “Fueling the Fire: Social and

            Political Correlates of Citizen Militia Activity.”  Social Science Quarterly

            79(2)456-65.

 

Pitcavage, Mark.  2001.  “Camouflage and Conspiracy: The Militia Movement from

            Ruby Ridge to Y2K.”  American Behavioral Scientist 44(6): 957-981.

 

Snow, Robert L.  1999.  The Militia Threat.  New York: Plenum Trade.

 

Stern, Kenneth S. 1995. Militias: A Growing Danger. New York: The American Jewish

            Committee.

 

Stern, Kenneth S. 1996. A Force Upon the Plain: The American Militia Movement and

            the Politics of Hate. New York: Simon & Schuster.

 

Van Dyke, N., and S. A. Soule.  2002.  “Structural Social Change and the Mobilizing

            Effect of Threat: Explaining Levels of Patriot and Militia Organizing in the

            United States.”  Social Problems 49(4): 497-520.

 

Weeber, S. C., and D. G. Rodeheaver.  2003.  “Militias at the Millennium: A Test of

            Smelser’s Collective Behavior.”  The Sociological Quarterly 44:181-204.

 

Weeber, Stan, and Daniel G. Rodeheaver.  2004.  Militias in the New Millennium: A

            Test of Smelser’s Theory of Collective Behavior.  Lanham, MD: University

            Press of America.

 

Wood, John A.  2002.  The Panthers and the Militias: Brothers Under the Skin?

            New York: University Press of America.

 

Christian Identity and Racist Right

 

“Alleged Plot to Spark ‘Race War’ Smashed.”  1993.  Facts on File, August,

            (12. 596).

 

Allen, Jennifer.  1994.  “Young, White and Surrounded.”  Rolling Stone, June,

            (30. 54-60).

 

Barkun, Michael.  1996.  Religion and the Racist Right: The Origins of the Christian

            Identity Movement.  Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press.

 

Bonilla-Silva, Eduardo.  2001.  White Supremacy and Racism in the Post-Civil

            Rights Era. Boulder: Lynne Rienner.

 

Burr, A.  1984.  “The Ideologies of Despair: A Symbolic Interpretation of Punks and

            Skinheads’ Usage of Barbiturates.”  Social Sciences and Medicine  19:9-.

 

Caniglia, Julie.  1993.  “Cyberpunks Hate You: America’s Newest Lost

            Generation Mixes Youthful Rage and Technological Terrorism.”  Utne Reader

            July-August, (88-96).

 

Carroll, Ginny.  1991.  “Coming Soon: Klub KKK: A Dream Resort for White

            Supremacists.”  Newsweek, July, (8. 30).

 

Cooper, Mary H.  1989.  “The Growing Danger of Hate Groups.”  Congressional

            Quarterly’s Editorial Research Reports  1:18-.

 

Coplon, Jeff.  1988.  “Skinhead Nation.”  Rolling Stone, December, (1.).

 

Flynn, Kevin, and Gary Gerhardt.  1989.  The Silent Brotherhood: Inside America’s

            Racist Underground.  New York: The Free Press.

 

Flynn, Kevin, and Gary Gerhardt.  1995.  The Silent Brotherhood: The Chilling Inside

            Story of America’s Violent Anti-Government Militia Movement.  New York:

            Signet.

 

Franz, Paul.  1982.  “Unconstitutional and Outlawed Political Parties: A German -

            American Comparison.”  Boston College International and Comparative Law

            Review  5:51-89.

 

Goldman, Sally.  1980.  “Skinheads.”  New Society, July, (10.)

 

Hackett, George.  1987.  “Skinheads on the Rampage: Terror Tactics by Neo-Nazi

     Youths in California.”  Newsweek, September, (7. 22).

 

Hairston, Julie. 1989.  “Southern Skinheads.”  Southern Exposure, Spring, (61).

 

Hamm, Mark S. 1993. American Skinheads: The Criminology and Control of Hate

            Crime. Westport, CT: Praeger Press.

 

“High-Tech Hatred: Aryan Nation’s Electronic Bulletin Board.”  1984. Newsweek,

     December, (24. 20).

 

Janowitz, Morris.  1952.  “Black Legions on the March.”  In America in Crisis. Ed.

            Daniel Aaron.  New York: Alfred A. Knopf.  Pp. 305-325.

 

Jost,  Kenneth.  1993.  “Background: Violence and Prejudice.”  CQ Researcher 

     3(1):7-15.

 

Keerdoja, E.  1982.  “The Klan’s New Pitch to Youth.”  Newsweek, June, (28. 12).

 

Langer, Elinor.  1990.  “The American Neo-Nazi Movement Today.”  The Nation,

            25:3.

 

Leo, J.  1988.  “A Chilling Wave of Racism (Skinheads)”  Time, January, (25. 57).

 

Levy, Clifford J.  1994.  “Crusading for Harmony as a Skinhead Spy: Repentant

     Racist to go into Hiding After Giving Data on New Jersey’s Neo-Nazis.”  The

     New York Times, April, (4. B1(L) col 2).

 

Linder, Robert D.  1982.  “Militarism in Nazi Thought and in the American New

     Religious Right.”  Journal of Church and State.  24:263-279.

 

Lutz, Chris.  1987.  They Don’t All Wear Sheets: A Chronology of Racist and Far

            Right Violence - 1980-1986.  Atlanta: Center for Democratic Renewal.

 

Moore, Jack B.  1993.  Skinheads Shaved for Battle: A Cultural History of

            American Skinheads.  Bowling Green, OH: Bowling Green State University

            Popular Press.

 

Nelson, Thomas E., Rosalee A. Clawson, and Zoe M. Oxley.  1997. “Media Framing of

            a Civil Liberties Conflict and Its Effect on Tolerance.”  American Political

            Science Review 91(3):567-583.

 

“Neo-Nazi Skinheads: A 1990 Status Report.”  1990.  Terrorism  13(3):243-

 

Riley, Michael.  1992.  “White and Wrong: New Klan, Old Hatred.”  Time,

            July, (6. 24-27).

 

 “Skinheads: A Farm Belt Fuhrer.”  1993.  Newsweek, November, (15).

 

“Special Report: Harvesting Young People’s Hate.”  1989.  Scholastic Update,

            March, (16. 4).

 

Strum, Philippa.  1999.  When the Nazis Came to Skokie: Freedom for Speech We Hate.

            Lawrence, KS: University Press of Kansas.

 

 “Teaching Sensitivity to Skinheads.”  1992.  Newsweek, April, (27).

 

Van Biema, David, and David S. Jackson.  1993.  “When White Makes Right.”

            Time, August, (9. 40-42).

 

Whitehead, Don.  1970.  Attack On Terror: The FBI Against the Ku Klux Klan in

            Mississippi.  New York: Funk & Wagnalls.

 

Whitsel, Brad.  2001.  “Ideological Mutation and Millennial Belief in the American

            Neo-Nazi Movement.”  Studies in Conflict and Terrorism 24:89-106.

 

Wilhelm, Sidney M.  1981.  “Black-White Equality: An Economic Doctrine for White

            Supremacy.”  Journal of Black Studies  12:142-165.

 

Young, Thomas J.  1990.  “Violent Hate Groups in Rural America.”  International

            Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology  34(1):15-21.

 

Zia, Helen.  1991.  “Women in Hate Groups.”  Ms. Magazine, March-April, (20-7).

 

Zoglin, Richard.  1993.  “All You Need is Hate.”  Time, June, (21. 63).

 

Abortion

 

Blanchard, Dallas A., and Terry J. Prewitt. 1993. Religious Violence and Abortion.

            Gainesville, FL: University Press of Florida.

 

Cozzarelli, Catherine, and Brenda Major.  1998.  “The Impact of Antiabortion Activities

            on Women.” In The New Civil War: The Psychology, and Politics of Abortion,

            eds., Linda J. Beckman and S. Marie Harvey.  Washington, DC: American

            Psychological Association

 

Jacoby, Kerry N.  1998.  Souls, Bodies, Spirits: The Drive to Abolish Abortion Since

            1973.  Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers.

 

Johnson, Victoria.  1999.  “The Strategic Determinants of a Countermovement: The

            Emergence and Impact of Operation Rescue Blockades.”  In Waves of Protest:

            Social Movements Since the Sixties, eds. Jo Freeman and Victoria Johnson. 

            Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.

 

King, Lelie, and Ginna Husting.  2003.  “Anti-Abortion Activism in the U.S. and

            France: Comparing Opportunity environments of Rescue tactics.”

            Mobilization: An International Journal 8(3):297-312.

 

Mason, C. 2002.  Killing for Life: The Apocalyptic Narrative of Pro-Life Politics.

            Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.

 

McVeigh, Rory, and David Sikkink.  2001.  “God, Politics, and Protest: Religious

            Beliefs and the Legitimation of Contentious Tactics.”  Social Forces

            79(4):1425-1458.

 

National Abortion Federation.  1998.  “Incidents of Violence and Disruption Against

            Abortion Providers.”  http://www.prochoice.org/violence.

 

Risen, James and Judy L. Thomas.  1998.  Wrath of Angels: The American Abortion War.

            New York: Basic Books.

 

General Terrorism and International

 

Alexander, Yonah.  Ed.  2002.  Combating Terrorism: Strategies of Ten Countries.

            Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.

 

Alexander, Yonah, and Michael S. Swetnam.  2001.  Usama bin Laden’s Al-Qaida:

            A Profile of a Terrorist Network.  Ardsley, NY: Transnational Publishers.

 

Allen, Richard. 1990. Terrorism: Pragmatic International Deterrence and Cooperation.

            Boulder, CO: Westview Press.

 

Arian, Asher, Ilan Talmud, and Tamar Hermann. 1988. National Security and Public

            Opinion in Israel. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.

 

Bergen, Peter L.  2001.  Holy War: Inside the Secret World of Osama bin Laden.

            New York: The Free Press.

 

Birkland, Thomas A.  ““The World Changed Today”: Agenda-Setting and Policy

            Change in the Wake of the September 11 Terrorist Attacks.”  Review of

            Policy Research 21(2):179-200.

 

Bodansky, Yossef.  1999.  Bin Laden: The Man Who Declared War on America.

            Rocklin, CA: Prima Publishing.

 

Burbach, Roger, and Ben Clarke, September 11 and the US War: Beyond the Curtain of

Smoke, (San Francisco: City Lights Books, 2002).

 

Campbell, Kurt M., and Michele A. Flournoy.  2001.  To Prevail: An American

            Strategy for the Campaign Against Terrorism.  Washignton, DC: Center for

            Strategic and International Studies.

 

Cunningham, Karla J. 2003.  “Cross-Regional Trends in Female Terrorism.”  Studies in

            Conflict & Terrorism 26:171-195.

 

Crenshaw, Martha ed. 1995. Terrorism in Context. Penn St. University Press.

 

Cronin, Audrey, and James M. Ludes.  Eds. 2004.  Attacking Terrorism: Elements of

            A Grand Strategy.  Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press.

 

Dempsey, James, and David Cole, Terrorism & the Constitution: Sacrificing Civil

            Liberties in the Name of National Security, Revised edition, (Washington: First

            Amendment Foundation, 2002).

 

Donohue, Laura K., and Juliette N. Kayyem.  2002.  “Federalism and the Battle Over

            Counterterrorist Law: State Sovereignty, Criminal Law Enforcement, and

            National Security.” Studies in Conflict & Terrorism 25:1-18.

 

Entman, Robert M.  2003.  “Cascading Activation: Contesting the White House’s

            Frame After 9/11.”  Political Communication 20:415-432.

 

Gunaratna, Rohan.  2002.  Inside Al Qaeda: Global Network of Terror.  New York:

            Columbia University Press.

 

Hendrickson, Ryan C. 2000.  “American War Powers and Terrorists: The Case of

            Usama Bin Laden.”  Studies in Conflict & Terrorism 23:161-174.

 

Hewitt, Christopher.  2002. Understanding Terrorism in America. New York: Routledge.

 

Hoffman, Bruce.  2002.  “Rethinking Terrorism and Counterterrorism Since 9/11.”

            Studies in Conflict & Terrorism 25:303-316.

 

Jacquard, Roland.  2002.  In the Name of Osama bin Laden. Durham, NC: Duke

            University Press.

 

Jenkins, Brian M. 1986.  “Defense Against Terrorism.”  Political Science Quarterly

            101(5): 773-786.

 

Jervis, Robert.  2002.  “An Interim Assessment of September 11: What Has Changed

            And What Has Not?  Political Science Quarterly 117(1):37-54.

 

Johnson, Loch K.  2000.  Bombs, Bugs, Drugs, and Thugs: Intelligence and America’s

            Quest for Security.  New York: New York University Press.

 

Jones, David Martin, Michael L. R. Smith, and Mark Weeding.  2003.  “Looking for the

            Pattern: Al Qaeda in Southeast Asia--The Genealogy of a Terror Network.”

            Studies in Conflict & Terrorism 26:443-457.

 

Juergensmeyer, Mark. Terror in the Mind of God: The Global Rise of Religious Terror,

            (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2000).

 

Martin, Gus.  2003.  Understanding Terrorism: Challenges, Perspectives, and Issues.

            Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

 

Mickolus, Edward F.  2002.  “How Do We Know We’re Winning the War Against

            Terrorists?  Issues in Measurement.”  Studies in Conflict & Terrorism

            25:151-160.

 

Miller, John.  2002.  The Cell: Inside the 9/11 Plot, and Why the FBI and CIA Failed to

            Stop It.  Thorndike Press.

 

Monaghan, Rachel.  2000.  “Single-Issue Terrorism: A Neglected Phenomenon?”

            Studies in Conflict & Terrorism 23:255-265.

 

Post, Jerrold M., Keven F. Ruby, and Eric D. Shaw.  2002.  “The Radical Group in

            Context: 1. An Integrated Framework for the Analysis of Group Risk for

            Terrorism.”  Studies in Conflict & Terrorism 25:73-100.

 

Post, Jerrold M., Keven F. Ruby, and Eric D. Shaw.  2002.  “The Radical Group in

            Context: 2. Identification of Critical elements in the Analysis of Risk for

            Terrorism by Radical Group Type.”  Studies in Conflict & Terrorism 25:

            101-126.

 

Reeve, Simon.  1999.  The New Jackals: Ramzi Yousef, Osama Bin Laden and the

            Future of Terrorism.  Boston: Northeastern University Press.

 

Reich, Walter. ed., Origins of Terrorism: Psychologies, Ideologies, Theologies, States of

            Mind, (Washington: Woodrow Wilson Center, 1998).

 

Robinson, Adam.  2002.  Bin Laden: Behind the Mask of the Terrorist. New York:

            Arcade Publishing.

 

Ruby, Charles L. 2002.  “The Definition of Terrorism.”  Analyses of Social Issues and

            Public Policy.  9-14.

 

Smith, Brent, K. R. Damphousse, F. Jackson, and A. Sellers.  2002.  “The Prosecution

            And Punishment of International Terrorists in Federal Courts: 1980-1998.”

            Criminology and Public Policy 1(3):311-338.

 

Taylor, Max, and John Horgan.  Eds.  2000.  The Future of Terrorism.  Portland, OR:

            Frank Cass.

 

Turk, Austin T.  2004.  “Sociology of Terrorism.”  Annual Review of Sociology

            30:271-286.

 

Wedgwood, Ruth.  2002.  “Al Qaeda, Military Commissions, and American Self-

            Defense.”  Political Science Quarterly 117(3):357-372.

 

Individual Level Research and Crime/Deviancy

 

Akers, Ronald L.  1985.  Deviant Behavior: A Social Learning Approach.  Belmont,

            CA: Wadsworth.

 

Akers, Ronald L., Marvin Krohn, Lonn Lanza-Kaduce, and Marcia Radosevich.

            1979.  “Social Learning and Deviant Behavior: A Specific Test of a General

            Theory.”  American Sociological Review  44:635-55.

 

Albrecht, Stan L., Bruce A. Chadwick, and Daniel S. Alcorn.  1977.  “Religiosity

            and Deviance: Application of an Attitude-Behavior Contingent Consistency

            Model.”  Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion  16:263-74.

 

Alexander, Peter.  1987.  Racism, Resistance and Revolution.  Corning, NY:

            Bookmarks.

 

Baird, Robert M., and Stuart E. Rosenbaum.  Eds. 1999.  Hatred, Bigotry, and Prejudice:

            Definitions, Causes, and Solutions.  Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books.

 

Barnes, Arnold, and Paul H. Ephross.  1994.  “The Impact of Hate Violence on

            Victims: Emotional and Behavioral Responses to Attacks.”  Social Work.

            39:247-51.

 

Kratcoski, Peter C.  1985.  “Youth Violence Directed Toward Significant Others.”

            Journal of Adolescence  8(2):145-157.

 

Nelson, Thomas E., Rosalee A. Clawson, and Zoe M. Oxley.  1997. “Media Framing of

            a Civil Liberties Conflict and Its Effect on Tolerance.”  American Political

            Science Review 91(3):567-583.

 

Reich, Walter. ed., Origins of Terrorism: Psychologies, Ideologies, Theologies, States of

            Mind, (Washington: Woodrow Wilson Center, 1998).

 

Waco and the Branch Davidians

 

Bailey, Brad, and Bob Darden.  1993.  Mad Man in Waco.  New York: WRS Publishing

 

Lewis, James R.  1994.  From the Ashes: Making Sense of Waco.  New York:

            Roman and Littlefield.

 

Linedecker, Clifford.  1993. Massacre at Waco, Texas. St. Martins.

 

Moore, Carol.  1995.  The Davidian Massacre.  Franklin, TN: Legacy Communications.

 

Reavis, Dick J. 1998.  The Ashes of Waco: An Investigation. Syracuse University Press.

 

Wright, Stuart A.  1995.  Armageddon in Waco.  Chicago: The University of Chicago

            Press.