POLS 820:
Policy Formulation and Adoption
Spring 2003
Department of Political
Science
University of Kansas
Professor
Haider-Markel Thursday 4:30-7:30
e-mail:
prex@ku.edu Blake 207
Office
Hours: MWF 1:00-4:00 Office:
405 Blake
or
by appointment Phone:
864-9034
web:
http://lark.cc.ukans.edu/~prex/
Goals and Scope of the
Course
This course provides a survey of the
literature on the institutional, socioeconomic, and political forces
influencing the formulation and adoption of public policy, as well as policy
change at all levels of government.
Topics include, problem definition, agenda setting, and the methods of
decisionmaking. The course will largely
focus on state and national policy, but some attention will be paid to local
and comparative policy. This is a
research seminar so students will be required to conduct and original research
project on policy formation.
Grading and Responsibilities
Reading
Assignments: The reading assignments are listed in the
attached course outline. All students
are expected to complete the required
readings prior to each class session.
Class sessions will be conducted as seminars and are only valuable if
students are familiar with the material. A student’s grade will reflect his or
her participation in class. I also
recommend that students regularly read and view national news. Please note that each week also includes a
list of supplemental readings. While I do not expect you to read all of
this material, you may want to use some of these materials for your research
paper. These readings will also help
you to understand the literature you should become familiar with as you proceed
with your graduate career.
The following books are available for
purchase in the bookstore:
Anderson,
James. 2000. Public Policymaking: An
Introduction. 4th ed. Boston:
Houghton-Mifflin.
Baumgartner,
Frank R., and Bryan D. Jones. Eds.
2002. Policy Dynamics. Chicago:
The University of Chicago Press.
Baumgartner,
Frank R., and Bryan D. Jones.
1993. Agendas and Instability in
American Politics. Chicago:
The University of Chicago Press.
Klingmann,
Hans-Dieter, Richard I. Hofferbert, and Ian Budge. 1994. Parties, Policies
And Democracy. Boulder:
Westview Press.
Ringquist,
Evan J. 1993. Environmental Protection at
the State Level. Armonk, NY:
M. E. Sharpe.
Rochefort,
David A., and Roger W. Cobb. Eds.
1994. The Politics of Problem
Definition: Shaping the Policy Agenda. Lawrence. KS: University Press
of Kansas.
Sabatier,
Paul A. 1999. Theories of the Policy
Process. Boulder, CO: Westview.
Note: you will also be assigned
articles that are available as photocopies in the political science office, 504
Blake Hall. If you want the staff to
make copies for you, please give them at least 3 days notice. You can also copy the articles yourself, and
many of the articles can be downloaded from JSTOR through the KU Libraries
webpage.
Reaction
Papers: The reaction papers will cover the reading
for each week. You are to write a three
to four-page paper that summarizes the week’s reading from a critical
perspective and/or that develops
ideas and hypotheses for your research paper.
Reaction papers do not have to be
negative assessments of the readings, but a negative critique usually provides
more opportunities to show your understanding of the readings. Even in a positive critique, however, you
can show the weaknesses and strengths of the readings. Most often a positive critique argues how
and why the authors could have gone further than they did.
All reaction papers should be typed
and double spaced. Although I will not intentionally grade organization,
grammar, and spelling, poor execution of each makes a paper difficult to read
and will likely result in a lower grade. You are responsible for at least five
reaction papers. Each week I
will inform you as to whether or not a reaction paper is due the following
week. Late reaction papers will only be
accepted in cases of emergency.
Presentation/Discussion
Leader: Each student will be required to give a
20-minute presentation on the selected weeks’ readings. During the same class session the student
will be responsible for engaging the class in discussion of the readings. I will determine which student is presenting
in a given week. In a sense, the presentation
will simply be an extended reaction paper but is also meant to prepare you for
presenting your work at conferences.
Your presentation should review the main points of each reading, outline
problems and weaknesses, and tie the readings together. To lead discussion, the student should
prepare a list of questions to pose to the class.
Research
Paper: Each student will be required to write a
research paper that either extends existing theoretical knowledge or tests some
portion of an existing theoretical framework.
The paper must integrate the course readings but you are free to
incorporate relevant outside readings.
You will be free to choose topics from any substantive policy area and
any policy theory—to assist you I will provide a list of possible topics. I will provide you with more detailed
instructions concerning content, format, and length early in the semester. Each student will be required to meet with me to clear his/her paper topic. MPA student requirements for the paper will
differ from those of Ph.D. candidates. Be assured that I will work closely with
each of you on your papers.
Final Grades will be determined on
the following basis:
Reaction
Papers 30%
Presentation 10%
Class
Participation 10%
Research
Paper 50%
Students with Disabilities
Any student in this seminar who has
a disability that may prevent him/her from fully demonstrating her/his
abilities should contact me personally as soon as possible so we can discuss
accommodations necessary to ensure full participation and facilitate the
educational opportunity.
Instructor Availability
Students wishing to meet with me can
do so before or after class, during office hours (listed at top of first page),
or by appointment. My time is flexible
and I can arrange to meet with you on your schedule. Please be aware that the easiest way to reach me is via e-mail --
I check my e-mail several times a day.
prex@ku.edu
In
an emergency you can reach me at: 841-1822.
Course Outline
and Weekly Schedule
Week 1: Introduction and
Rationale for the Course
No Required Readings
Week 2: Overview of the Field and Introduction to Policy Theory
Required Readings
Anderson,
James. 2000. Public Policymaking: An
Introduction. 4th ed. Boston:
Houghton-Mifflin.
Sabatier,
Paul A. 1999. “The Need for Better Theories.”
In Theories of the Policy
Process. Ed. Paul
A. Sabatier. Boulder, CO:
Westview. Pp. 3-18.
DeLeon,
Peter. 1999. “The Stages Approach to the Policy Process: What Has it
Done? Where is it Going? In Theories
of the Policy
Process. Ed. Paul
A. Sabatier. Boulder, CO:
Westview. Pp. 19-34.
Schlager,
Edella, and William Blomquist.
1996. “A Comparison of Three
Emerging Theories of the Policy
Process.” Political Research Quarterly
49(3):651-672.
Schlager,
Edella. 1999. “A Comparison of Frameworks, Theories, and
Models of Policy Process.” In Theories
of the Policy Process. Ed. Paul
A. Sabatier. Boulder, CO: Westview. Pp. 233-260.
Supplemental Readings
Bentley,
Arthur F. 1908. The
Process of Government. Evenston,
IL: Principia Press.
Lasswell,
Harold. 1936. Politics: Who Gets What, When and How. New York:
McGraw Hill.
Schattschneider,
E. E. 1960. The Semi-Sovereign People. New York: Holt,
Reinhardt and Winston.
Dahl,
Robert. 1961. Who Governs? Democracy and
Power in an American City.
New Haven: Yale University.
Polsby,
Nelson. 1984. Political Innovation in
America. New Haven, CT: Yale
University Press.
Janoski,
Thomas, and Alexander Hicks. 1994. The
Comparative Political Economy
Of The Welfare State.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Lester,
James P., and Joseph Stewart, Jr.
2000. Public Policy: An Evolutionary
Approach. 2nd
ed. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Press.
Week 3: Public Policy
Research Methods and Data Problems
Required Readings
Box-Steffensmeier,
Janet M., and Bradford S. Jones. 1997.
“Time is of the Essence:
Event History Models in Political
Science.” American Journal of Political
Science 41(4):
Western,
Bruce. 1995. “Concepts and Suggestions for Robust Regression Analysis.”
American
Journal of Political Science 39(3):786-817.
Beck,
Nathaniel, and Jonathan N. Katz.
1995. “What to do (and not to
do) with Time-
Series Cross-Section Data.” American
Political Science Review 89(3):
634-647.
Beck,
Nathaniel, Jonathan N. Katz, and Richard Tucker. 1998. “Taking Time
Seriously: Time-Series-Cross-Section
Analysis with a Binary Dependent
Variable.” American Journal of
Political Science 42(4):1260-1288.
Best,
Samuel J. 1999. “The Sampling Problem
in Measuring Policy Mood: An
Alternative Solution.” Journal
of Politics 61(3):721-40.
Gill,
Jeff. 1999. “The Insignificance of Null Hypothesis Significance Testing.”
Political
Research Quarterly 52(3):647-74.
King,
Gary, Michael Tomz, and Jason Wittenberg.
2000. “Making the Most of
Statistical Analyses: Improving
Interpretation and Presentation.” American
Journal of Political Science 44(2):347-61.
Supplemental Readings
Sage
publication titles: Understanding
Regression Analysis, Regression Diagnostics,
Logit
Modeling, Maximum Likelihood
Estimation, and Pooled Times Series
Analysis.
Box-Steffensmeier,
Janet M., and Renee M. Smith.
1998. “Investigating Political
Dynamics Using Fractional
Integration Methods.” American Journal of
Political
Science 42(2):661-689.
Woolley,
John T. 2000. “Using Media-Based Data in Studies of Policy Processes”
American
Journal of Political Science 44(1):156-73.
Jackman,
Simon. 2000. “Estimation and Inference via Bayesian Simulation: An
Introduction to Markov Chain Monte
Carlo.” American Journal of Political
Science 44(2):375-404.
Week 4: Perspectives on
Policy Formulation and Adoption I: Problem Definition and Agenda Setting
Required Readings
Stone,
Deborah A. 1989. “Causal Stories and the Formation of Policy
Agendas.”
Political
Science Quarterly 104(2):281-300.
Rochefort,
David A., and Roger W. Cobb. eds. 1994.
The Politics of Problem
Definition: Shaping the Policy Agenda. Lawrence, KS: University Press of
Kansas.
Cobb,
Michael D., and James H. Kuklinski.
1997. “Changing Minds: Political
Arguments and Political
Persuasion.” American Journal of Political Science
41(1):88-121.
Kellstedt,
Paul M. 2000. “Media Framing and the Dynamics of Racial Policy
Preferences.” American
Journal of Political Science 44(2):245-60.
Supplemental Readings
Schattschneider,
E. E. 1960. The Semi-Sovereign People. New York: Holt,
Reinhardt and Winston.
Dahl,
Robert. 1961. Who Governs? Democracy and
Power in an American City.
New Haven: Yale University.
Bachrach,
Peter, and Morton Baratz. 1963. “Decisions and Non-Decisions.”
American
Political Science Review 57:632-42.
Walker,
Jack. 1977. “Setting the Agenda in the U. S. Senate: A Theory of Problem
Selection.” British
Journal of Political Science
7:423-46.
Cook,
F. L., T. R. Tyler, E. G. Goetz, M. T. Gordon, D. R. Leff, & H. L. Molotch.
1983.
Media and Agenda-Setting: Effects on
the Public, Interest Group Leaders, Policy
Makers, and Policy. Public Opinion Quarterly, 57, 16-35.
Riker,
William H. 1986. The
Art of Political Manipulation. New
Haven: Yale
University Press.
Stone,
Deborah A. 1988. Policy Paradox and Political Reason. Glenview, IL:
Scott, Foresman.
Bosso,
C. J. 1989. “Setting the Agenda: Mass Media and the Discovery of Famine in
Ethiopia.” In M. Margolis and G.
Mauser (Eds.), Manipulating Public
Opinion.
Monterey, CA: Brooks-Cole.
Iyengar,
Shanto. 1991. Is Anyone Responsible? How Television Frames Political
Issues. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Iyengar,
Shanto, and Donald R. Kinder.
1987. News That Matters: Television and
American
Opinion. Chicago: The University of
Chicago Press.
Lupia,
Arthur. 1992. “Busy Voters, Agenda Control, and the Power of Information.”
American
Political Science Review 86(2):390-403.
Jones,
Bryan D. 1994. Reconceiving
Decision-Making in Democratic Politics:
Attention, Choice, and Public Policy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Lupia,
Arthur. 1994. “Shortcuts Versus Encyclopedias: Information and Voting
Behavior in California Insurance
Reform Elections.” American Political
Science Review 88:63-76.
Portz,
John. 1996. “Problem Definitions and Policy Agendas: Shaping the
Educational Agenda in Boston.” Policy
Studies Journal 24:371-86.
Boeckelman,
Keith. 1997. “Issue Definition in State Economic Development
Policy.” Policy Studies Journal
25(2):286-302.
Week 5: Perspectives on
Policy Formulation and Adoption III
Required Readings
Bendor,
Jonathan and Terry M. Moe. 1986. “Agenda Control, Committee Capture and
The Dynamics of Institutional
Politics.” American Political Science
Review
80(4):1187-1207.
True,
James L., Bryan D. Jones, and Frank R. Baumgartner. 1999. “Punctuated-
Equilibrium Theory: Explaining
Stability And Change in American
Policymaking.” In Theories
of the Policy Process. Ed. Paul A.
Sabatier.
Boulder, CO: Westview. Pp. 97-116.)
Baumgartner,
Frank R., and Bryan D. Jones. Eds.
2002. Policy Dynamics. Chicago:
The University of Chicago Press.
Jones,
Bryan D., Frank R. Baumgartner, and James L. True. 1998. “Policy
Punctuations: U.S. Budget Authority,
1947-1995." Journal of Politics
60(1):1-33.
Zahariadis,
Nikolaos. 1999. “Ambiguity, Time, and Multiple
Streams.” In Theories
of the Policy Process. Ed.
Paul A. Sabatier. Boulder, CO:
Westview. Pp. 73-96.
Supplemental Readings
Kingdon,
John W. 1995. Agendas, Alternatives, and
Public Policies. Boston: Little,
Brown.
Baumgartner,
Frank R., and Bryan D. Jones.
1993. Agendas and Instability in
American Politics. Chicago:
The University of Chicago Press.
Baumgartner,
Frank R., and Bryan D. Jones.
1991. “Agenda Dynamics and
Policy
Subsystems.” Journal of Politics 53(4):1044-1074.
Mouw,
Calvin J., and Michael B. Mackuen.
1992. “The Strategic Agenda in Legislative
Politics.” American Political Science
Review 86(1):87-105.
Skocpol,
Theda. 1992. Protecting Soldiers and
Mothers: The Political Origins of
Social Policy in the United States Cambridge: Belknap/Harvard
University Press.
Snyder,
James M., Jr. 1992. “Gatekeeping or Not, Sample Selection in the
Roll Call
Agenda Matters.” American
Journal of Political Science 36(1):36-39.
Su,
Tsai-Tsu, Mark S. Kamlet, and David C. Mowery.
1993. “Modeling U.S.
Budgetary and Fiscal Policy
Outcomes: A Disaggregated, Systemwide
Perspective.” American
Journal of Political Science 37(1):213-245.
Skocpol,
Theda, Christopher Howard, Susan Goodrich Lehmann, and Majorie
Abend-Wein. 1993.
“Women’s Associations and the Enactment of Mothers’
Pensions in the United States.” American
Political Science Review 87(3):
686-99.
Sparks,
Cheryl Logan, and Peter R. Walniuk.
1995. “The Enactment of Mothers'
Pensions: Civic Mobilization and
Agenda Setting or Benefits of the Ballot?”
American
Political Science Review 89(3):710-720.
Skocpol,
Theda. 1995. “The Enactment of Mothers' Pensions: Civic Mobilization and
Agenda Setting or Benefits of the
Ballot?: Response.” American Political
Science Review 89(3):720-730.
Hays,
Scott P., and Henry R. Glick.
1997. “The Role of Agenda
Setting in Policy
Innovation: An Event History
Analysis of Living-Will Laws.” American
Politics Quarterly 25(3):497-516.
Jones,
Bryan D., James L. True, and Frank R. Baumgartner. 1997. “Does Incrementalism
Stem From Political Consensus or
From Institutional Gridlock?” American
Journal of Political Science 41(4):
Bratton,
Kathleen A., and Kerry L. Haynie.
1999. “Agenda-Setting and
Legislative
Success in State Legislatures: The
Effects of Gender and Race.” Journal of
Politics 61(3):658-79.
Week 6: Perspectives on
Policy Formulation and Adoption II: Issue Attention and Agenda Setting
Required Readings
Cohen,
Jeffrey E. 1995. “Presidential Rhetoric
and the Public Agenda.” American
Journal of Political Science 39(1):87-107.
Adams,
Greg D. 1997. “Abortion: Evidence of an Issue Evolution.” American
Journal of Political Science 41(3): 718-37.
Flemming,
Roy B., John Bohte, and B. Dan Wood. 1997.
“One Voice Among Many:
The Supreme Court's Influence on
Attentiveness to Issues in the United States,
1947-1992.” American Journal of Political Science 41(4):1224-50.
Hill,
Kim Quaile. 1998. “The Policy Agendas of the President and the
Mass Public:
A Research Validation and
Extension.” American Journal of Political
Science
42(4):1328-1334.
Edwards,
George C., III, and B. Dan Wood. 1999.
“Who Influences Whom? The
President and the Public Agenda.” American Political Science Review
93(2):327-44.
Flemming,
Roy B., B. Dan Wood, and John Bohte.
1999. “Attention to Issues in a
System of Separated Powers: The
Macro-Dynamics of American Policy
Agendas.” Journal of Politics
61(1):76-108.
Supplemental Readings
Cobb,
Roger W., & Charles D. Elder. 1983. Participation
in American Politics: The
Dynamics of Agenda-Building. 2nd ed. Baltimore and
London: The Johns
Hopkins University Press.
Carmines,
Edward G., and James A. Stimson.
1989. Issue Evolution: Race and the
Transformation of American Politics. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Carmines,
Edward G., and James A. Stimson. 1980.
“The Two Faces of Issue Voting.”
American
Political Science Review 74(1):78-91.
Week 7: Comparative Public
Policy in the American States
Required Reading
Berry,
Frances Stokes, and William D. Berry.
1999. “Innovation and Diffusion
Models
In Policy Research.” In Theories
of the Policy Process, ed. Paul E. Sabatier.
Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
Blomquist,
William. 1999. “The Policy Process and Large-N Comparative Studies.”
In Theories of the Policy Process, ed. Paul E. Sabatier. Boulder, CO:
Westview Press.
Hero,
Rodney E., and Caroline J. Tolbert.
1996. “A Racial/Ethnic Diversity
Interpretation of Politics and
Policy in the States of the U.S.” American
Journal
of Political Science 40(3):851-871.
Barrilleaux,
Charles. 1997. “A Test of the
Independent Influences of Electoral
Competition and Party Strength in a
Model of State Policymaking”
American
Journal of Political Science 41(4):1462-66
Fording,
Richard C. 1997. “The Conditional
Effect of Violence as a Political Tactic:
Mass Insurgency, Welfare Generosity,
and Electoral Context in the American
States.” American Journal of
Political Science 41(1):1-29.
Haider-Markel,
Donald P., and Sean P. O’Brien. 1997.
“Creating a “Well Regulated
Militia”: Policy Responses to
Paramilitary Groups in the American States.”
Political
Research Quarterly 50(3):551-565.
Palley,
Marian L. 1997. “Presidential Address: The
Intergovernmentalization of
Health Care Reform: The Limits of
the Devolution Revolution.” Journal
of
Politics 59(3):657-679.
Radcliff,
Benjamin, and Martin Saiz. 1998. “Labor Organization and Public Policy
in the American States.” Journal
of Politics 60(1):
Hammons,
Christopher W. 1999. “Was James Madison
Wrong? Rethinking the
American Preference for Short,
Framework-Oriented Constitutions.”
American
Political Science Review 93(4):837-850.
Supplemental Reading
Walker,
Jack. 1969. “The Diffusion of Innovations Among the American States.”
American
Political Science Review
68(3):880-99.
Gray,
Virginia. 1973. “Innovation in the States: A Diffusion
Study.” American
Political Science Review 67(4):1174-85.
Savage,
Robert L. 1978. “Policy Innovativeness as a Trait of
American States.”
Journal
of Politics 40(1):212-24.
Welch,
Susan, and Kay Thompson. 1980. “The
Impact of Federal Incentives on State
Policy Innovation.” American
Journal of Political Science 24(4):715-729.
Hwang,
Sung-Don, and Virginia Gray. 1991. “External Limits and Internal
Determinants of State Public
Policy.” Western Political Quarterly 44(1):277-99.
Berry,
Frances. 1994. “Sizing Up State Policy
Innovation Research.” Policy Studies
Journal
22(3):442-56.
Berry,
Frances, and William D. Berry. 1990.
“State Lottery Adoptions as Policy
Innovations: An Event History
Analysis.” American Political Science Review
84(2):395-415.
Glick,
Henry R., and Scott P. Hays. 1991. “Innovation and Reinvention in State
Policymaking: Theory and the
Evolution of Living Will Laws.” Journal of
Politics
53(4):835-50.
Berry,
Frances, and William D. Berry. 1992.
“Tax Innovation in the States:
Capitalizing on Political
Opportunity.” American Journal of Political Science
36(3):715-42.
Erikson,
Robert S., Gerald C. Wright, Jr., and John P. McIver. 1993. Statehouse
Democracy. Boston:
Cambridge University Press.
Glick,
Henry R. 1994. The
Right to Die: Policy Innovation and Its Consequences. New
York: Columbia University Press.
Hays,
Scott P. 1996. “Patterns of Reinvention: The Nature of
Evolution During
Policy Diffusion.” Policy
Studies Journal 24:551-66.
Mintrom,
Michael. 1997. “Policy Entrepreneurs and the Diffusion of
Innovation.”
American
Journal of Political Science 41(3):
738-70.
Berry,
William D., Evan J. Ringquist, Richard C. Fording, and Russell L. Hanson. 1998.
“Measuring Citizen and Government
Ideology in the American States, 1960-93.”
American
Journal of Political Science 42(1):327-348.
Week 8: Comparative Public
Policy Across Countries
Required Reading
Klingmann,
Hans-Dieter, Richard I. Hofferbert, and Ian Budge. 1994. Parties, Policies
And Democracy. Boulder:
Westview Press.
Morrow,
James D., Randolph M. Siverson, and Tressa E. Taberes 1998. “The Political
Determinants of International Trade:
The Major Powers, 1907–90.” American
Political Science Review 92(3):649-61
Morrow,
James D., Randolph M. Siverson, and Tressa E. Taberes 1998. “Correction
to “The Political Determinants of
International Trade.” American Political
Science Review 93(4): 931-934.
Brown,
David S., and Wendy Hunter. 1999. “Democracy and Social Spending in Latin
America, 1980–92.” American
Political Science Review 93(4):779-790.
Reich,
Gary M. 1999. “Coordinating Restrain: Democratization, Fiscal Policy, and
Money Creation in Latin
America.” Political Research Quarterly 52(4):729-52.
Thérien,
Jean-Philippe, and Alain Noël. 2000.
“Political Parties and Foreign Aid.”
American
Political Science Review 94(1):151-62.
Supplemental Readings
Shull,
Steven, and Jeffrey Cohen. Eds. 1986. Economics and Politics of Industrial
Policy: The United States and Western Europe. Boulder: Westview Press.
Heclo,
Hugh, Carolyn Teich Adams, and Arnold J. Heidenheimer. 1990.
3rd ed.
Comparative
Public Policy: The Politics of Social Choice in Europe and
America. Bedford
Books.
Hilz,
C., and J. Ehrenfeld, 1991. “Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes: A
Comparative Analysis of Policy
Options to Control the International Waste
Trade.” International Environmental Affairs 3 (Winter):26-63.
Harrop,
M. Ed. 1992. Power and Policy in Liberal Democracies. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press.
Asmerom,
H. K., and R. B. Jain. 1993.
Politics, Administration, and
Public Policy
In Developing Countries: Examples From America, Asia, and
Latin America.
Amsterdam: VU University Press.
Weaver,
R. Kent, and Bert Rockman. Eds. 1993. Do Institutions Matter? Government
Capabilities in the United States and Abroad. Washington, DC: The Brookings
Institute.
Janoski,
Thomas, and Alexander Hicks. 1994. The
Comparative Political Economy
of The Welfare State.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Adger,
W. Neil, Davide Pettenella, and Martin Whitby. eds. 1997. Climate-Change
Mitigation and European Land-Use Policies. New York: Oxford University
Press.
Castles,
Francis G. 1998. Comparative Public Policy: Patterns of post-war
Transformation. Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Publishers.
Mansfield,
Edward. 1998. “The Proliferation of Preferential Trading Agreements.”
Journal
of Conflict Resolution 42,5
Week 9: Public Expenditures
and Distributional Issues
Required Reading
Tompkins,
Gary L. 1975. “A Causal Model of State Welfare Expenditures.” Journal
of Politics 37(2):392-416.
Dye,
Thomas R. 1980. “Taxing, Spending, and Economic Growth in
the American
States.” Journal of Politics
42(4):1085-1107.
Barrilleaux,
Charles J., and Mark E. Miller. 1988.
“The Political Economy of State
Medicaid Policy.” American
Political Science Review 82(4):1089-1107.
Lee,
Frances E. 1998. “Representation and Public Policy: The
Consequences of Senate
Apportionment for the Geographic
Distribution of Federal Funds.” Journal
of
Politics 60(1):34-62.
Stream,
Christopher. 1999. “Health Reform in the States: A Model of
State Small
Group Health Insurance Market
Reforms.” Political Research Quarterly 52(3):
499-526.
Soss,
Joe, Sanford R. Schram, Thomas P. Vartanian, and Erin O’Brien. 2001.
“Setting
The Terms of Relief: Explaining
State Policy Choices in the Devolution
Revolution.” American
Journal of Political Science 45(2):378-395.
Supplemental Readings
Brace,
Paul. 1993. State Government &
Economic Performance. Baltimore:
John
Hopkins University Press.
Coleman,
John J. 1999. “Unified Government,
Divided Government, and Party
Responsiveness.” American Political Science Review
93(4):821-836.
Lieberman,
Robert, and Greg Shaw. 2000. “Looking
Inward, Looking Outward: The
Politics of State Welfare Innovation
Under Devolution.” Political Research
Quarterly 53(2):215-240.
Rosenau,
Pauline Vaillancourt. Ed. 2000.
Public-Private Policy Partnerships.
Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
Savas,
E. S. 2000. Privatization and Public-Private Partnerships. New York:
Seven Bridges Press, LLC.
Week 10:
No
Class, Spring Break March 17-23
Week 11: National Security
and Foreign Policy
Required Reading
Volgy,
Thomas J., and John E. Schwarz. 1991.
“Does Politics Stop at the Water’s
Edge? Domestic Political Factors and
Foreign Policy Restructuring in the
Cases of Great Britain, France, and
West Germany.” Journal of Politics
53(3):615-643.
Hartley,
Thomas and Bruce Russett. 1992. “Public Opinion and the Common Defense:
Who Governs Military Spending in the
United States?” American Political
Science Review 86(4):905-915.
Holland,
Lauren. 1996. “Who Makes Weapons Procurement Decisions? A Test of the
Subsystem of Policymaking.” Policy
Studies Journal 24(4):607-28.
Meernik,
James, Eric L. Krueger, and Steven C. Poe.
1998. “Testing Models of
United States Foreign Policy:
Foreign Aid During and After the Cold War.”
Journal
of Politics 60(1):
Wood,
B. Dan, and Jeffrey S. Peake.
1998. “The Dynamics of Foreign
Policy Agenda
Setting.” American Political Science Review 92(1):173-84.
Kydd,
Andrew. 2000. “Arms Races and Arms Control: Modeling the Hawk
Perspective.” American
Journal of Political Science 44(2):228-44.
Cronin,
Patrick, and Benjamin O. Fordham.
1999. “Timeless Principles or
Today's
Fashion? Testing the Stability of
the Linkage between Ideology and Foreign
Policy in the Senate.” Journal
of Politics 61(4):967-998.
Carsey,
Thomas M., and Barry Rundquist. 1999.
“Party and Committee in Distributive
Politics: Evidence from Defense
Spending.” Journal of Politics 61(4):1156-69.
Supplemental Reading
Art,
Robert J. and Kenneth Waltz (ed.). 1999. The
Use of Force: Military Power and
International Politics. 5th Edition. Lanham, MD: Rowman and
Littlefield.
Jordan,
Amos, William Taylor, and Michael Mazarr. 1999. American National Security.
5th Edition. Baltimore: Johns
Hopkins.
Kampfer,
William H. and Anton Lowenberg. 1999. “Unilateral versus Multilateral
International Sanctions: A Public
Choice Perspective.” International Studies
Quarterly
43, 1
Haass,
Richard. 1998. Intervention.
Washington: The Brookings Institution.
Hillen,
John. 1998. Future Visions for U.S.
Defense Policy. New York: Council on
Foreign Relations. (Also available
on-line at:
http://www.foreignrelations.org/public/pubs/speeches.html.
John
L. Davies and Ted Robert Gurr. 1998. Preventive Measures: Building Risk
Assessment and Crisis Early Warning Models. Rowman and Littlefield.
Bueno
de Mesquita, Bruce, James D. Morrow, Randolph M. Siverson, and Alastair
Smith. 1999. “An Institutional
Explanation of the Democratic Peace.”
American
Political Science Review 93(4):791-808.
Week 12: Morality Policy
1999
Symposium in Policy Studies Journal
27(4):, Which includes the following articles:
Mooney, Introduction, pp. 675-680.
Meier, Drugs, pp. 681-695
Pierce, Patrick A., and Donald E.
Miller. Lottery. Pp. 696-706
Norrander and Wilcox. Abortion. Pp. 707-722
Smith. Porn. Pp. 723-734.
Mooney,
Christopher Z. 2000. “The Decline of Federalism and the Rise of
Morality-Policy Conflict in the
United States.” Publius
(Wntr-Spring): 171-188.
Mooney,
Christopher Z., and Mei-Hsien Lee.
2000. “The Influence of Values
on
Consensus and the Contentious
Morality Policy: U.S. Death Penalty Reform,
1956-1982.” Journal
of Politics 62(1):223-39.
Supplemental Reading
Meier,
Kenneth J. 1994. The
Politics of Sin: Drugs, Alcohol and Public Policy.
Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharpe.
Mooney,
Christopher Z., and Mei-Hsien Lee.
1995. “Legislating Morality in
the
American States: The Case of Pre-Roe Abortion Regulation Reform.”
American
Journal of Political Science 39(3):599-627.
Haider-Markel,
Donald P., and Kenneth J. Meier.
1996. “The Politics of Gay and
Lesbian Rights: Expanding the Scope
of the Conflict.” Journal of Politics
58(2):332-49.
Clark,
Nina. 1997. The Politics of Physician
Assisted Suicide. New York: Garland
Publishing.
Tatalovich,
Raymond and Byron W. Daynes. eds. 1998. 2nd ed. Moral Controversies in
American Politics: Cases in Social Regulatory Policy. Armonk, NY: M. E.
Sharpe.
Glick,
Henry R., and Amy Hutchinson.
1999. “The Rising Tide of
Physician Assisted
Suicide: Explaining the Growth and
Content of Morality Policy.” Policy Studies
Journal 27(4):750-65.
Haider-Markel,
Donald P. 1999. “Morality Policy and Individual-Level
Political
Behavior: The Case of Legislative Voting on Lesbian and Gay
Issues.” Policy
Studies Journal 27(4):735-49.
Norton,
Noelle H. 1999. “Committee Influence Over Controversial
Policy: The
Reproductive Policy Case.” Policy
Studies Journal 27(2):203-16.
Joslyn,
Mark, and Donald P. Haider-Markel.
2002. “Examining Framing Effects
on
Personal Opinion and Perception of
Public Opinion: The Cases of
Physician-Assisted Suicide and
Social Security.” Social Science Quarterly
83(3):690-706.
Lindamen,
Kara, and Donald P. Haider-Markel.
2002. “Issue Evolution,
Political
Parties, and the Culture Wars.” Political Research Quarterly
55(1):91-110.
Week 13: Environmental
Policy
Required Reading
Williams,
Bruce A. and Albert R. Matheny.
1984. “Testing Theories of
Social Regulation: Hazardous Waste
Regulation in the American States.”
Journal
of Politics 46(2):428-458.
Taggart,
William A. 1985. “Air Quality Control Expenditures in the American States.”
Journal
of Politics 47(2):704-714.
Ringquist,
Evan J. 1993. Environmental Protection at
the State Level. Armonk, NY:
M. E. Sharpe.
Hedge,
David M., and Michael J. Scicchitano.
1994. “Regulating in Space and Time:
The Case of Regulatory Federalism” The Journal of Politics 56(1):134-153.
Supplemental Reading
Carson,
R. 1962. Silent Spring. New York:
Fawcett Crest.
Riddlesperger,
James W. Jr. and James D. King. 1982.
“Energy Votes in
the U.S. Senate, 1973-1980.” Journal of Politics 44(3):838-847.
Kraft,
Michael E., and Norman J. Vig. 1984.
“Environmental Policy in the
Reagan Presidency.” Political Science Quarterly
99(3):415-439.
Rothman,
Stanley and S. Robert Lichter. 1987.
“Elite Ideology and Risk
Perception in Nuclear Energy
Policy.” American Political Science
Review
81(2):383-404.
Fowler,
Linda L. and Ronald G. Shaiko. 1987.
“The Grass Roots Connection:
Environmental Activists and Senate
Roll Calls.” American Journal of
Political
Science.
31(3):484-510.
Ostrom,
Elinor. 1990. Governing the Commons: The Evolution of Institutions for
Collective
Action. Boston:
Cambridge University Press.
Green,
Donald Philip. 1992. “The Price
Elasticity of Mass Preferences.” American
Political
Science Review 86(1):128-148.
Ophuls,
William, and A. Stephan Boyan. 1992. Ecology and the Politics of Scarcity
Revisited. New York: W. H. Freeman.
Cawley,
R. McGreggor. 1993. Federal Land, Western Anger: The Sagebrush
Rebellion
and Environmental Politics. Lawrence, KS: University of Kansas.
Kamieniecki,
Sheldon, ed. 1993. Environmental Politics in the International Arena.
Albany: SUNY Press.
Myers,
Norman. 1993. Ultimate Security: The Environmental Basis of Political Stability.
New
York: W.W. Norton.
Bullard,
Robert D. 1994. Dumping in Dixie: Race,
Class and Environmental Quality.
2nd ed. Boulder, CO: Westview Press,
Inc.
Rabe,
Barry. 1994. Beyond Nimby: Hazardous Waste Siting in Canada and the United
States. Washington, DC: Brookings.
Landy,
Marc, Marc Roberts, and Stephen Thomas. 1995.
The Environmental Protection
Agency:
Asking the Wrong Questions, 2nd edition. New York: Oxford.
Lester,
James, ed. 1995. Environmental Politics and Policy: Theories and Evidence,
2nd ed. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
Davies,
J. Clarence. 1996. Comparing Environmental Risks: Tools for Setting
Government
Priorities. Washington, DC:
Resources for the Future.
Dixon,
Lloyd, Steven Garver, and Mary Vaiana. 1996.
California’s Ozone-Reduction
Strategy
for Light-Duty Vehicles: An Economic Assessment. Santa Monica, CA:
Rand.
Eckstein,
Rick. 1996. Nuclear Power and Social
Power. Philadelphia: Temple
University Press.
Kraft,
Michael. 1996. Environmental Policy and Politics.
New York: Harper Collins.
Adger,
W. Neil, Davide Pettenella, and Martin Whitby. eds. 1997. Climate-Change
Mitigation and European Land-Use Policies. New York: Oxford University
Press.
Peretz,
Jean H., Robert A. Bohm, and Philip D. Jasienczyk. 1997. “Environmental
Policy and the reduction of
hazardous waste.” Journal of Policy
Analysis &
Management
16(4):556-575.
Helland,
Eric. 1998. “Environmental Protection in The Federalist System: The
Political Economy of NPDES
inspections.” Economic Inquiry
36(2):305-320.
Andrews,
Richard N. L. 1999. Managing the Environment, Managing
Ourselves: A
History of American Environmental Policy. New Haven, CT: Yale University
Press.
Flemming,
Roy B., B. Dan Wood, and John Bohte.
1999. “Attention to Issues in a
System of Separated Powers: The
Macro-Dynamics of American Policy
Agendas.” Journal of Politics
61(1):76-108.
Rabe,
Barry G. 2000. “Power to the States: The Promise and
Pitfalls of
Decentralization.” In Environmental
Policy, 4th ed. eds. Norman J. Vig and
Michael E. Kraft. Washington, DC: CQ Press.
1999.
Readings from “Symposium: Comparative Analyses of Canadian and American
Environmental Policy.” Policy
Studies Journal 27(2):263-392.
Vig,
Norman, and Michael Kraft. 2000. Environmental Policy in the 1990s, 4th
ed.
Washington,
DC: Congressional Quarterly Press.
Week 14: Criminal Justice
Policy
Required Reading
Caldeira,
Greg A., and Andrew T. Cowart. 1980.
“Budgets, Institutions, and Change:
Criminal Justice Policy in
America.” American Journal of Political Science
24(3): 413-438.
Gibson,
James L. 1989. “The Policy Consequences of Political Intolerance: Political
Repression During the Vietnam War
Era.” Journal of Politics 51(1):13-35.
Saltzstein,
Grace Hall. 1989. “Black Mayors and Police Policies.” Journal
of Politics
51(3):525-544.
Meier,
Kenneth J. 1992. “The Politics of Drug Abuse: Laws,
Implementation, and
Consequences.” The
Western Political Quarterly
45:41-69.
Nice,
David C. 1992. “The States and the
Death Penalty.” Western Political
Quarterly
45:1037-1048.
Durant,
Robert F., and Jerome S. Legge, Jr.
1993. “Policy Design, Social
Regulation,
and Theory Building: Lessons from
the Traffic Safety Policy Arena.” Political
Research Quarterly 46:641-656.
Haider-Markel,
Donald P. 1998. “The Politics of Social
Regulatory Policy: State and
Federal Hate Crime Policy and
Implementation Effort.” Political Research
Quarterly 51(1):69-88.
Supplemental Reading
Gray,
Virginia, and Bruce Williams.
1980. The Organizational Politics of
Criminal Justice. Lexington,
MA: Lexington Books.
Welch,
Susan, and Kay Thompson. 1980. “The
Impact of Federal Incentives on State
Policy Innovation.” American
Journal of Political Science 24(4):715-729.
Miller,
Peter V., and Robert M. Groves. 1985.
“Matching Survey Responses to Official
Records: An Exploration of Validity
in Victimization Reporting.” Public
Opinion
Quarterly 49(3):366-380.
Protess,
David L., Donna R. Leff, Stephen C. Brooks, and Margaret T. Gordon. 1985.
“Uncovering Rape: The Watchdog Press
and the Limits of Agenda Setting.”
Public
Opinion Quarterly 49(1):19-37.
Green,
Donald Philip, and Ann Elizabeth Gerken.
1989. “Self-Interest and Public
Opinion Toward Smoking Restrictions
and Cigarette Taxes.” Public Opinion
Quarterly
53(1):1-16.
Meier,
Kenneth J., and Cathy Johnson.
1990. “The Politics of Demon
Rum: Regulating
Alcohol and its Deleterious
Consequences.” American Politics Quarterly 18:
404-429.
Skogan,
Wesley. 1990. “Crime and Punishment.”
In Politics in the American States,
5th ed. eds. Virginia Gray, Herbert Jacob, and Robert Albritton. Glenview, IL:
Scott, Foresman/Little, Brown.
Meier,
Kenneth J., and Thomas M. Holbrook.
1992. “‘I Seen My Opportunities and I
Took Em’: Political Corruption in
the American States.” Journal of Politics
54(1):135-155.
Meier,
Kenneth J. 1994. The
Politics of Sin: Drugs, Alcohol, and Public Policy.
Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharpe, Inc.
Kathlene,
Lyn. 1995. “Alternative Views of Crime:
Legislative Policymaking in
Gendered Terms.” Journal of Politics 57(3):696-723.
Hurwitz,
Jon, and Mark Peffley. 1997. “Public
Perceptions of Race and Crime: The
Role of Racial Stereotypes.” American Journal of Political Science
41(2):375-401.
Week 15: Education Policy
Required Reading
Fraga,
Luis Ricardo, Kenneth J. Meier, and Robert E. England. 1986.
“Hispanic
Americans and Educational Policy:
Limits to Equal Access.” Journal of Politics
48(4):850-876.
Chubb,
John E., and Terry M. Moe. 1988. “Politics, Markets, and the Organization of
Schools.” American Political Science
Review 82(4):1065-1087.
Tweedie,
Jack, Dennis D. Riley, John E. Chubb, and Terry M. Moe. 1990.
“Should
Market Forces Control Educational
Decision Making?” American Political
Science
Review 84(2):549-567.
Smith,
Kevin B. 1994. “Policy, Markets, and Bureaucracy:
Reexamining School
Choice.” Journal of Politics 56:475-91.
Schneider,
Mark, Paul Teske, Christine Roch, and Melissa Marschall. 1997. “Networks
to Nowhere: Segregation and
Stratification in Networks of Information about
Schools.” American Journal of
Political Science 41(4):1201-1223.
Hokenmaier,
Karl G. 1998. “Social Security vs.
Educational Opportunity in Advanced
Industrial Societies: Is There a
Trade-Off?” American Journal of Political
Science
42(2):709-711.
Mintrom,
Michael, and Sandra Vergari. 1998. “Policy Networks and Innovation
Diffusion: The Case of State
Education Reforms.” Journal of Politics
60(1):126-48.
Supplemental Reading
Stephens,
David. 1983-84. “President Carter, the
Congress, and NEA: Creating the
Department of Education.” Political
Science Quarterly 98(4):641-663.
Anderson,
Barbara A., and Brian D. Silver. 1984.
“Equality, Efficiency, and Politics
in Soviet Bilingual Education
Policy, 1934-1980.” American Political
Science
Review 78(4):1019-1039.
Meier,
Kenneth J. 1984. “Teachers, Students, and Discrimination: The
Policy Impact
of Black Representation.” Journal
of Politics 46(1):252-263.
Meier,
Kenneth J., Robert E. England.
1984. “Black Representation and
Educational
Policy: Are They Related?” American Political Science Review
78(2):392-403.
Meier,
Kenneth J, Joseph Stewart, Jr., and Robert E. England. 1989. Race, Class, and
Education: The Politics of Second-Generation
Discrimination. Madison:
University of Wisconsin Press.
Stewart,
Joseph, Jr., Robert E. England, and Kenneth J. Meier. 1989. “Black
Representation in Urban School
Districts: From School Board to Office to
Classroom.” Western
Political Quarterly 42(2):287-305.
Chubb,
John E., and Terry M. Moe. 1990. Politics,
Markets, and America’s Schools.
Washington, DC: Brookings
Institution.
Lowery,
David, W. E. Lyons, and Ruth Hoogland DeHoog.
1995. “The Empirical
Evidence for Citizen Information and
a Local Market for Public Goods.”
American
Political Science Review 89(3):705-707.
Smith,
Kevin B., and Kenneth J. Meier.
1995. The Case Against School Choice:
Politics, Markets, and Fools.
Mintrom,
Michael, and Sandra Vergari. 1996. “Advocacy Coalitions, Policy
Entrepreneurs, and Policy
Change.” Policy Studies Journal 24(3):420-34.
Mintrom,
Michael. 1997. “Policy Entrepreneurs and the Diffusion of
Innovation.”
American
Journal of Political Science 41(3):
738-70.
Schneider,
Mark, Paul Teske, Melissa Marshall, and Christine Roch. 1998. “Shopping
for Schools: In the Land of the
Blind, The One-Eyed Parent May be Enough.”
American
Journal of Political Science 42(3):769-793.
Week 16: Research Presentations,
May 1
Week 17: Research
Presentations, May 8
Research Paper
Due May 14, 4p.m. in 405 Blake Hall
Extra Week for Reaction
Papers: Policy Issues Across Institutional Venues and Arenas
Required Reading
Gross,
Donald A. 1980. “House-Senate Conference Committees: A Comparative-State
Perspective.” American
Journal of Political Science 24(4):769-778.
Bendor,
Jonathan, and Terry M. Moe. 1986. “Agenda Control, Committee Capture and
the Dynamics of Institutional
Politics.” American Political Science
Review
80(4):1187-1207.
King,
David C. 1994. “The Nature of
Congressional Committee Jurisdictions.”
American
Political Science Review 88(1):48-62.
Talbert,
Jeffery C., Bryan D. Jones, and Frank R. Baumgartner. 1995. “Nonlegislative
Hearings and Policy Change in
Congress.” American Journal of Political
Science
39(2):383-405.
Pelissero,
John P., and Timothy B. Krebs. 1997.
“City Council Legislative Committees
and Policy-making in Large United
States Cities.” American Journal of Political
Science
41(2):499-518.
Donovan,
Todd and Shaun Bowler. 1998. “Direct
Democracy and Minority Rights: An
Extension.” American
Journal of Political Science 42(3):1020-1024.
Camobreco,
John F. 1998. “Preferences, Fiscal
Policies, and the Initiative Process.”
Journal
of Politics 60(3):819-829.
Joslyn,
Mark R., and Donald P. Haider-Markel.
2000. “Guns in the Ballot Box:
Information, Groups, and Opinion in
Ballot Initiative Campaigns.” American
Politics Quarterly 28(3):355-78.
Supplemental Reading
McDonagh,
Eileen Lorenzi. 1992. “Representative
Democracy and State Building in the
Progressive Era.” American
Political Science Review 86(4):938-950.
Hogan,
J. Michael, and Ted J. Smith III. 1991.
“Polling on the Issues: Public Opinion
and the Nuclear Freeze.” Public
Opinion Quarterly 55(4):534-569.
Jones,
Bryan D., Frank R. Baumgartner, and Jeffery C. Talbert. 1993. “The Destruction
of Issue Monopolies in
Congress.” American Political Science Review
87(3):657-671.
Donovan,
Todd, and Joseph R. Snipp. 1994.
“Support for Legislative Term Limitations
in California: Group Representation,
Partisanship, and Campaign Information.”
Journal
of Politics 56(2):492-501.
Gerber,
Elisabeth R. 1996. “Legislative Response to the Threat of
Popular
Initiatives.” American
Journal of Political Science
40(1):99-128.
Lascher,
Jr., Edward L., Michael G. Hagen, and Steven A. Rochlin. 1996.
“Gun
Behind the Door?: Ballot
Initiatives, State Policies, and Public Opinion.”
Journal
of Politics 58:760-75.
Tolbert,
Caroline J., and Rodney E. Hero.
1996. “Race/Ethnicity and
Direct
Democracy: An Analysis of
California's Illegal Immigration Initiative.”
Journal
of
Politics 58(3):806-818.
Gamble,
Barbara S. 1997. “Putting Civil Rights to a Popular
Vote.” American
Journal of Political Science 41(1):245-269.
Kollman,
Ken. 1997. “Inviting Friends to Lobby:
Interest Groups, Ideological Bias, and
Congressional Committees.” American Journal of Political Science
41(2):519-44.
Frey,
Bruno S., and Lorenz Goette. 1998.
“Does the Popular Vote Destroy Civil Rights?”
American
Journal of Political Science 42(4):1343-1348.
Haider-Markel,
Donald P., and Kenneth J. Meier. 2001.
“Legislative Victory, Electoral
Uncertainty: Explaining Outcomes in
the Battles over Lesbian and Gay Civil
Rights.” Policy Studies Review