Malia Hieroglyphic Documents

The Hieroglyphic Documents from Malia

a web edition of CHIC with commentary

inaugural date: 21 December 2005; last update: 16 March 2007

Comments, corrections, questions: John Younger (jyounger@ku.edu)

Notes
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In the commentary (not in the headings), CHIC documents (numbers preceded by #) in bold (e.g., #225) are sealstones or impressions.

In the "normalizations" (phonetic readings) suggested below, the phonetic identifications of the Hiero signs are based on Notes on the Signs, a separate study of the individual signs, their resemblances to Linear A/B signs and the patterns of their use in Hiero. The phonetic values of signs in black are considered certain; those in red are considered probable; and those in green are considered possible. With green values, sometimes only the consonant is guessed and the syllable is then rendered as in the following Kv.

A raised asterisk after the syllabogram indicates the reading is doubtful (e.g., ^*), similarly for the underlined transnumeration and normalization (e.g., 042 A).

Malia, Quartier Mu

#070. MA/M Hd (HM 1091 [ Mu I, 20]), cone; from Mu IV 5, SE corner (H. [2.1]; D. base ca. 3.5 cm). MA/M Style 3

inscription transnumeration

^* 042-034-007-040

Comments

Since the inscription encircles the cone, it could start with any sign and be read forwards or backwards.

Sign

042 is probably always an initial; see Notes to Sign 042. Notes to Signgroups III.B & III.C suggest that

034-049 go together; since

049 RO₃ and

040 RO₂ have roughly the same phonetic value, then

034-040 may also go together -- see

042-034-049 (#062) from Knossos. See Inflection Sequence 5a2.

JGY normalizes

inscription transnumeration normalization

^* *175 034-007-040 A TA-MI- RO₂

or, reading retrograd:

*175 040-007-034, A RO₂-MI-TA

Compare
Hieroglyphic: 034-007, TA-MI (#308); Linear A: TO- ME (PE 2.4), TU-MA (HT 94b.1)

#071. MA/M Hd (HM 1092 [ Mu I, 21]), cone; from Mu IV 5, W (H. 3; D. base ca. 2.5 cm). MA/M Style 1

side inscription transnumeration

X X 022-056-070-061

Comments

CHIC: cf. ]

]056-070-061 (#059.dB).

Signgroup

056-070 is a transaction term meaning "total"; see Transaction Terms. Sign

061 is a common terminal. Sign,

022, may function as a prefixed adjunct (and therefore in the initial position) or appended logogram (to be read after the transaction term).

For KU-RO prefixed with a sign, there is two certain and one possible parallel.

A₃-KU-RO 008-056-070 (#132)

- -062-034-002-056-070- (#328)

[•]

042[•]056-070-061 A[•]KU-RO (#059.dB)

For KU-RO followed by a logogram, there at least one parallel.

056-070 *159, etc. (#118.a)

cf.

028-049-041-003 (#053.aA)

JGY normalizes

inscription transnumeration normalization

X X 056-070-061 *022 KU-RO- VIR₄

or: X

X 022-056-070-061, VIR₄-KU-RO-

Compare
Linear A: KU-RO ... VIR (HT 25b.2); cf. (if VIR₄ has a phonetic value) PO-TO-KU-RO (HT 122b.6, HT 131b.4)

#072. MA/M He (HM 1654 [ Mu I, 8]), medallion [<--]; from Mu III 3b, angle I 17 (3.1 x 3.3 x 0.3 cm). MA/M Style 4

side inscription transnumeration

a ^* >< 011-038-029

b vacat vacat

Comments

Malia Document Sets, I: Mu: Medallions

a: CHIC: -030 less probable.

a: The signgroup recurs (in variation) on Knossos documents #042, #057, #061 (see Notes to Signs 011 and 029); cf.

011-038-016 (#148, two noduli also from Malia Mu).

JGY normalizes

side inscription transnumeration normalization

a ^* >< 011-038-029 > SI-JA-MA

b vacat vacat vacat

Compare
a: Linear A: SA-JA-MA (HT 31.3)

#073. MA/M He (HM 1655 [ Mu I, 9]), medallion [no suspension hole]; from Mu III 3b, angle I 17 (2.9 x 3 x 0.5 cm). MA/M Style 4

side inscription transnumeration

a >< 027-034-070

b vacat vacat

Comments

Malia Document Sets, I: Mu, Medallions

CHIC: no suspension hole, but the tang seems to have been pinched around a fissure (the procedure no doubt took place before the incising which was not affected by it).

a: CHIC: 027 over an erasure. JGY: for the signgroup, see Notes to Signgroups III.C.

JGY normalizes

side inscription transnumeration normalization

a >< 027-034-070 >RA₃-TA-RO

b vacat vacat

Compare
a. retrograde: Linear A: RI-TA-RU (KH 6.4)

#074. MA/M He (HM 1656 [ Mu I, 10]), medallion [<--]; from Mu III 3b, angle I 17 (3.7 x 3.8 x 0.8 cm)

side inscription transnumeration

a >< 042-070-060-044

b vacat vacat

Comments

Malia Document Sets, I: Mu, Medallions

Transaction Document

Notes to Sign 042, suggests separating

042 and reading the rest of the signgroup retrograde.

JGY normalizes

side inscription transnumeration normalization

a *175 044-060-070 A KO-KO₂-RO

b vacat vacat vacat

or:

042-070-060-044, A-RO-KO₂-KO

Compare
a: Linear A: KU-RO ("balance," "total"); A-KA-RU (HT 2.1, HT 86a.1, b.1)

#075. MA/M He (HM 1657 [ Mu I, 11]), medallion [broken at top]; from Mu III 3b, angle I 17 3.3 x [2.5] x 0.6 cm)

side inscription transnumeration

a • •060-009

b vacat vacat

Comments

Malia Document Sets, I: Mu, Medallions

a: CHIC: an erased sign, accidentally or not, perhaps itself over an erasure; JGY: the signgroup is hapax legomenon here, and

- 009-060 is not attested. Nonetheless,

009 otherwise acts as an initial only, forcing a retrograde reading.

JGY normalizes

side inscription transnumeration normalization

a • 009-060-• A₂-KO₂-•

b vacat vacat vacat

Compare
a: Linear A: if A₂-KO₂-RO, cf. KU-RO ("balance," "total"); A-KA-RU (HT 2.1, HT 86a.1, b.1); if > •-KO₂-A, cf. KO-JA (HT 119.2), A-KO-A-NE (PK Za 11.b-c)

#076. MA/M He (HM 1658 [ Mu I, 12]), medallion [--_]; from Mu III 3b, angle I 17 (4.3 x 4.2 x 0.8 cm). MA/M Style 2

side inscription transnumeration

a >< 008-056-013

b vacat vacat

Comments

Malia Document Sets, I: Mu, Medallions

The first two signs recur in

008-056-070 (#132); see Notes to Sign 013 suggesting that

013 be separated.

JGY normalizes

side inscription transnumeration normalization

a >< 008-056 *152 A₃-KU BOS

b vacat vacat vacat

or:

008-056-013, A₃-KU-MU₂

Compare
a: Linear A: if A₃-KU BOS, cf. JA-KU (MA 3b.2); cf. JA-KU-TI (KN 1a.1-2), A-KU-JU-PA-*118 (PA 1.1-2), A-KU-TU-*361[ (TY 3a.7); if A₃-KU-MU₂, cf. A-KU-MI-NA (ZA 10a.1-2)

#077. MA/M He (HM 1659 [ Mu I, 13]), medallion [<--]; from Mu III 3b, angle I 17 (3.3 x 3 x 0.5 cm). MA/M Style 2

side inscription transnumeration

a ^* 031-055-081

b vacat vacat

Comments

a: CHIC: 031 lacks its stem (cf. #080). JGY: Although the signgroup is hapax legomenon here and this is the only appearance of sign

081, sign

055 precedes a Rv syllabogram in two other signgroups (see Notes to Sign 055: X

[ 055-070-049[ [#022.g] and ]

^*[ >< ]070-055-057-056[ [#103.a-b]; cf. X

>< X 070-056-057-011 [#185]). It is tempting, therefore to read this signgroup retrograde.

JGY normalizes

side inscription transnumeration normalization

a ^* >< 081-055-031 KE-RE

b vacat vacat vacat

Compare
a: Linear A: if < KE-RE, cf. A-KA-RA (PE Zb3), A-KA-RU (HT 2.1; HT 86a.1; ), KE-KI-RU (HT 94b.2), QA-KU-RE (HT Wc 3017.a1),QE-KU-RE (HT 20.2-3), U-KA-RE (PE 1.1-2); if > RE-KE-, cf. RI-KA-TA (HT 136.4), RI-QE-TI- (PO Zg 1)

#078. MA/M He (HM 1660 [ Mu I, 14]), medallion [broken at top]; from Mu III 3b, angle I 17 ([3.5] x [3.1] x 0.9 cm)

side inscription transnumeration

a ^*•[ 083-047-019-•[

b vacat vacat

Comments

Transaction Document

a: CHIC: might 083 = 011 (cf. #072) strongly schematized ? (or cf. 082 ?); 047: or 005 ? JGY: For

005-019, see #112.a2.

JGY normalizes

side inscription transnumeration normalization

a •^*•[ >< •-047-019-•[ •-QE-SA-•[

b vacat vacat vacat

Compare
a: Linear A: if > •-QE-SA-•, cf. QA-SA-[ (HT 111a.2); if < •-SA-QE-•, cf. SA-QE-RI (HT 11b.4-5)

#079. MA/M He (HM 1661 [ Mu I, 15.]), medallion [-->]; from Mu III 3b, angle I 17 (3.1 x 3.3 x 0.5 cm)

side inscription transnumeration

a ^* >< 068-077-015

b vacat vacat

Comments

a: CHIC: 077 perhaps over an erasure. The Notes to Sign 068 suggest that

068 is a terminal, implying a retrograde reading.

JGY normalizes

side inscription transnumeration normalization

a ^* >< 015-077-068 DU?-RU₂-Rv

b vacat vacat vacat

Compare
a: Linear A: DU-*314-RE (KO Za 1.b-c), DU-RA-RE (KN Zc 7)

#080. MA/M He (HM 1662 [ Mu I, 16]), medallion [-->]; from Mu III 3b, angle I 17 (3.6 x 4 x 1.2 cm)

side inscription transnumeration

a ^* >< 012-031-082

b vacat vacat

Comments

a: CHIC: 031 lacks its stem (cf. #077); 082: cf. 083 ? JGY: The signgroup in any order or combination of signs is a hapax legomenon here.

JGY normalizes

side inscription transnumeration normalization

a ^* >< 012-031-082 MU-RE-

b vacat vacat vacat

Compare
a: Linear A: MU-RU (HT 3.4; HT 46a.1)

#081. MA/M He (HM 1663 [ Mu I, 17]), medallion [-->]; from Mu III 3b, angle I 17 (3. x 3 x 0.3 cm). MA/M Style 5

side inscription transnumeration

a >< 028-070

b vacat vacat

Comments

a: CHIC: traces of an erasure. For the signgroup, see Notes to Sign 028, and Inflection Sequence 5b1.

JGY normalizes

side inscription transnumeration normalization

a >< 028-070 KU₂-RO

b vacat vacat vacat

Compare
a: Linear A: KU-RO ("balance," "total")

#082. MA/M He (HM 1664 [ Mu I, 18]), medallion [-->]; from Mu III 3b, angle I 17 (3.1 x 3.1 x 0.8 cm). MA/M Style 2

side inscription transnumeration

a >< 020-016-041

b vacat vacat

Comments

Malia Document Sets, I: Mu, Medallions

Transaction Document

a: the signgroup may be intact or consist of a signgroup plus logogram or of a string of logograms; see Notes to Sign 041. Sign

020 occurs in 11 signgroups: in 7 of these the sign is either an initial or a terminal, and in 4, possibly 5, it appears next to an animal-head sign. In all but one of these cases the direction of reading is ambivalent, but X

009-077-013-020 (#003.g) is clear - perhaps the reading here is therefore retrograde, with

020 a terminal. The Linear A parallel to the signgroup's phonetic rendering lends some support to an orthograde reading, however.

JGY normalizes

side inscription transnumeration normalization

a >< 020-016-041 AI-KI-WA

Compare
a: Linear A: ]I-KI-RA (HT 25a.5)

#083. MA/M He (HM 1665 [ Mu I, 19]), medallion [<--]; from Mu III 3b, angle I 17 (3.1 x 3.3 x 0.4 cm). MA/M Style 5

side inscription transnumeration

a >< 030-034

b vacat vacat

Comments

Malia Document Sets, I: Mu, Medallions

a: CHIC: 034 over ? JGY: The signgroup is a hapax legomenon.

JGY normalizes

side inscription transnumeration normalization

a >< 030-034 PU₂?-TA

#084. MA/M He ((HM 1682 [ Mu III, 321]), medallion [pierced from a->b]; from Mu, drain along the outside of IX 7b ([3.3] x [3.8] x 0.8)

side inscription transnumeration

a ]••[ ]•-016-•[

b vacat vacat

Comments

Malia Document Sets, I: Mu, Medallions

a: For the signgroup, compare

^*[ 068-016[ (#086).

JGY normalizes

side inscription transnumeration normalization

a ]••[ ]•-016-•[ ]•-KI-•[

#085. MA/M Hf (HMs 1680 [ Mu I, 7]), lame with 2 faces [pierced from a->b]; from Mu between I 10 and III 15 (2.4 x 7.3 x 0.8 cm)

side inscription transnumeration

a 068-061

b vacat vacat

Comments

Malia Document Sets I: Mu, Lames

JGY normalizes

side inscription transnumeration normalization

a 068-061 Rv

#086. MA/M Hf (A. Nik. M 12279 [ Mu III, 317]), lame with 2 faces [pierced from a->b]; from Mu Z 13 fill (2.2 x [3.9] x 0.9 cm)

side inscription transnumeration

a ^* 068-016

b vacat vacat

Comments

Malia Document Sets I: Mu, Lames

Transaction Document

a: Notes to Sign 068 suggest that it is a terminal.

JGY normalizes

side inscription transnumeration normalization

a ]^* 016-068 ]KI-Rv

or:

^*[ 068-016[, Rv-KI[

Compare
a: Linear A: if KI-Rv, cf. KI-RO ("owed"); if Rv-KI, cf. ]RA-KI-TA-NA-SI[ (KH 60.1), RO-KE (HT 98a.4), RI-KA-TA (HT 146.4), RI-QE-TI- (PO Zg 1), ]RI-KA-NE (ARKH 3a.1, alternative)

#087. MA/M Hf (03) 02 (MASM 89-4103/39 [ Mu III, 320]), lame with 2 faces [pierced from a->b]; from Mu surface Z/A 13, fill (1.7 x [4.3] x 0.7 cm)

side inscription transnumeration

a •[ 064-096-•[

b vacat vacat

Comments

CHIC: suspension hole "impractical."

The signgroup is a hapax legomenon; sign

064 recurs only in ]

•[ ]029-064-�[ incised on an amphora handle (#330); sign

096 may recur but only as an alternative reading on a Chamaizi jug (#322). Morphologically, sign

064 could resemble AB "DA"

01, and sign

096 looks like the predecessor to AB "QA"

16. The third sign on #087 could be another 096 and if the signgroup were read retrograde, Linear A QA-QA-DA/RU would make an attractive restoration.

JGY normalizes

side inscription transnumeration normalization

a •[ 064-096-•[ DA-QA-•[

Compare
a: Linear A: if DA-QA-•[, cf. DA-QE-RA (HT 6a.6; HT 57a.1; HT 120.1); if ]•-QA-DA, cf. QA-QA-DA (PE 2.3-4)

#088. MA/M Hf (A. Nik. M 12281 [ Mu III, 318]), lame with 2 faces [broken at top]; from Mu Z 13 fill (2.5 x [4.6] x 0.9 cm)

side inscription transnumeration

a ] 031-041

b vacat vacat

Comments

a: Notes to Sign 041 suggest that sign

*041 is a logogram.. The two signs

031 041 also occur together on two sealstones:

>< 041-031-011 (#271.b) and X

>< X 041-031-044 (#307.d). Although the correct order is difficult to determine, Linear A is full of words ending in -RE and several ending in -RE-• (-JA, -MI, -NA, -RO, -TE, -TI, -TO, -TU, -WI, -ZA); I suggest that

041 is a logogram here.

JGY normalizes

side inscription transnumeration normalization

a ] ]031 *041 ]RE WA/TELA

or: ]

, ]031-041, ]RE-WA

Compare
a: Linear A: if ]RE-WA, cf. QA-RA2-WA (HT 86a.3)

#089. MA/M Hf (04) 01 (HM 1676 [ Mu I, 3]), lame with 2 faces [pierced from a->b]; from Mu IV 5 (2.5 x 8.3 x 0.8 cm)
As on the lame

side inscription transnumeration

a X | vacat 044-049-023 |

b | 034-041-084 | 051-051-051-⁰⁴¹

CHIC normalizes

side inscription transnumeration

a1 X | 044-049-023 |

a2 vacat vacat

b1 | 034-041-084

b2 051-051-051-041

Comments

Malia Document Sets I: Mu, Lames

Transaction Document: The medallion follows the "Balance Ledger" format (see "Transaction Documents"), giving, perhaps, an assessment on face b and the amounts contributed or owed.

a1: since

044-049 KO-RO₃ is a transaction term (= Linear A KU-RO, "balance," "total"), then

, which does not commonly end signgroups (see Notes to Sign 023), functions here probably as the logogram *159bis. Compare

^* 056-023 (#039.a1) and

057-023 (#039.b2).

b1: this is the only appearance of

084; it should be the predecessor to B 145 LANA (and Linear A *361?), the sign for 3 double minas of weight for wool, equivalent to 2.89 kg. See Notes to Sign 084 (Younger 2005).

b2: note the raised position of

041, as if an adjunct to

051-051-051.

Compare
b1: Linear A: TELA+TE (TEL); Linear B: TELA+te (common)
b2: Linear A: TELA+KU (HT 38.3), TELA+*312 (HT 38.3); Linear B: TELA+ku (common)
a1: Linear A: OLIV ... KU-RO (HT 123a.7-9), OLIV+TU (HT 50a.4, 101.6, 116a.5)

#090. MA/M Hf (HM 1679 [ Mu I, 6]), lame with 2 faces [pierced from b->a]; from Mu III 13, southern part (3.2 x [6.4] x 1 cm)
As on the lame

side inscription transnumeration

a X 016-038-007-051

b 7000 7000

CHIC normalizes

side inscription transnumeration

a-b X 7000 016-038-007-051 B>7000

Comments

Malia Document Sets I: Mu, Lames

Transaction Document: the medallion follows the "Balance Ledger" format (see "Transaction Documents"), giving only the assessment.

a-b: See Notes to Sign 016.

a: cf. X •

X •-072-038-007-016 - it seems as if the first and last signs were reversed; this might happen if all three signs in question (

016,

072, and

051) were phonetically similar, as indeed they seem to be (see Notes to the Signs). Cf.

051-051-051-041 (#089.b2; see notes), and

>< 051-092-092 (#318), both from Malia Mu.

7000 is the largest number recorded in Hieroglyphic. The only numbers in the 1000s recorded in Linear A are: 1000 *551 (KH *1.2), 1060 (HT 102.5, probably GRA), 2000 (MA 9, commodity not extant), and 3000 *402VAS (HT 31.6).

JGY normalizes

side inscription transnumeration normalization

a-b X 7000 016-038-007-051 7000 KI-JA-MI-KU₃ 7000

Compare
a-b: Linear A: KA-NI-JA-MI (CR(?) Zf 1); cf. ]MU *312[ (HT 78.1)

#091. MA/M Hf (A.Nik.M 12280 [ Mu III, 319]), lame with 2 faces [pierced from a->b]; from Mu Z 13 fill (2.3 x [4.7] x 0.8 cm). MA/M Style 1

side inscription transnumeration

a [ 042-013-009[

b 070-031-034[

Comments

Knossos Document Set 6, related.

Transaction Document

a. since both

042 and

009 are initials,

013 should be the logogram *152 BOSb: CHIC: cf. X 053-034-031-070 on #001 ? JGY: for the signgroup, see Inflection Sequence 2a, and compare

034-031-019 RO-RE-SA (#054.e, #056.a), <--

<-- 070-031-034, <-- RO-RE-TA (#001), and -

- -070-094-034- -RO-E-TA- (#328).

JGY normalizes

side inscription transnumeration normalization

a [ 042-009 *152[ A-A₂ BOS

b 070-031-034[ RO-RE-TA

a: or:

042-013-009, A-MU₂-A₂

Compare
a: if Hieroglyphic A-MU₂-A₂, cf. Linear A A-MA-JA (KH 14.1)
b: Linear A: A-RU-RA-TA (HT 11a.1, alternative)

#092. MA/M Hf (HM 1677 [ Mu I, 4]), lame with 2 faces [broken at ends]; from Mu A/Z 7, fill (2.8 x [2.7] x 0.7 cm). MA/M Style 1
As on the lame

side inscription transnumeration

a ][ >< ]061-080-032[

b ]vacat | ^*[ >< ]vacat | 053[

CHIC normalizes

side inscription transnumeration

a ][ >< ]061-080-032[

b ^*[ >< | 053 >< |

Comments

a: CHIC: 080 = 057 incomplete or, better, 046 ?

a: Since

061 functions as a terminal (see Notes to Sign 061), the signgroup is better read retrograde. If

032 were

031 the signgroup would resemble

031-021-061 (#050.d, #059, #149, #197; cf. #063). Sign

080 occurs only in this signgroup; it resembles an abstract

013 (cf. its appearance on #120 [chart CHIC p. 391]). If the signgroup was

032-013-061, then compare

079-032-013 (#057.b)

JGY normalizes

side inscription transnumeration normalization

a ][ >< 032-080-061[ Rv

b ]^* >< | ]053 | ]JA |

#093. MA/M Hf (HM 1666 [ Mu I, 1]), lame with 2 faces [broken at ends]; from Mu IV 4c (2.3 x [5.1] x 1.2 cm). MA/M Style 3

side inscription transnumeration

a ] ]038

b ] ]019

Comments

Transaction Document

JGY normalizes

side inscription transnumeration normalization

a ] ]038 ]JA

b ] ]019 ]SA

#094. MA/M Hf (HM 1678 [ Mu I, 5]), lame with 2 faces [broken at end]; from Mu III 13, southern part (1.4 x [4.2] x 1.4 cm)

side inscription transnumeration

a vacat vacat

b vacat vacat

#095 MA/M Hh (HM 1667 [ Mu I, 2]), bar with 4 faces; from Mu III 5 [broken at end] (1.4 x [4.2] x 1.4 cm). MA/M Style 1
As on the bar

side inscription transnumeration

a 270[ 042-066-077-042 270[

b 890[ 061-062-042 890[

c vacat vacat

d vacat vacat

Comments

Since the pierced end of the bar is not preserved, sides a/c are arbitrarily labeled.

a: The signs ought to be read starting with sign

042 since it is apparently always an initial (see Notes to Sign 042). I also interpret 066 as a mark that isolates sign

042; see note to #059.aB, and compare

>< 042-066-016-062 >< (#305.a)

>< 012-016-062-018 >< (#271.1)

This reasoning leads me to suggest two alternative readings, of which I prefer the second:

*175 *077 *175

<--

<--042-077 *175

b1: Since

061 is apparently always a terminal, this signgroup, too, needs to be read retrograde. The pattern

•

042-•-061 recurs in the important signgroup

042-054-061 (#037.a, #050.a, #058.a, #062.cB & dB, #293.g, #303.b); see Notes to Signgroups X. For the possibility of another

042-062, see #013.g1.

b2: CHIC: trace of a sign after 890; JGY: this might be compatible with

^* 036 SA₂.

JGY normalizes

side inscription/seal impression transnumeration normalization

a <-- 270[ 042-077 *175 270[ A-RU₂ 270[

b <-- 890[ 042-062-061 890[ A-NA 890[

c, d vacant vacant vacant

Compare
a: Linear A: A-RU (HT 9a.5-6, b.2-3?; HT 49a.6)
b: Linear A: A-NA (HT 37.5); cf. A-NA-QA? (HT 126a.2), A-NA-NU-SI-JA-SE[ (HT Zb 159), JA-NA-KI- (PK Za 8.a), A-NA-TI- (IO Za 8)

#096. MA/M Hh (MASM M 80/A 1 [ Mu III, 316]), bar with 4 faces [?] (3.2 x [5.8] x 3.2 cm)

side inscription transnumeration

a deest deest

b deest deest

c deest deest

d deest deest

Malia, Palace

#097. MA/P Ha (HM 1402 [ÉM, H. 6]), crescent (4 x 1.7 x 1.1 cm)

side inscription/seal impression transnumeration

a 2 impressions (not H: lion attacks bull) 2 impressions (not H: lion attacks bull)

b vacat

g 040-070-038

d vacat

Comments

Transaction Document

g: The signgroup is probably to be read retrograde; compare X

056-070-040 (#298.a).

JGY normalizes

side inscription transnumeration normalization

g 038-070-040 JA-RO-RO₂

a 2 impressions (not H: lion attacks bull) 2 impressions (not H: lion attacks bull) 2 impressions (not H: lion attacks bull)

b, d vacant vacant vacant

or:

040-070-038, RO₂-RO-JA

Compare
a: Linear A: if < JA-RO-RO₂, cf. A-RI-JA[ (PH 28a.3), A-RU-RA-SU/TA (HT 11a.1, alternative), RA₂-RO-RE (ZA 10b.6)

#098. MA/P He (HM 1397 [ÉM, H. 9]), medallion [-->] (3.6 [3.6] x 1.1 cm)

side inscription transnumeration

a X •^* X •-072-038-007-016

b vacat vacat

Comments

a: see Notes to Sign 016:

038-011-016 may comprise a separate signgroup and be a variant of

016-038-011; Transaction Terms suggests that •

^* may in fact be <--

^* 072-049. Alternatively, compare X

X 016-038-007-051 (#038.a-b) - it seems as if the first sign there has become the last sign here, as if the first and last signs were reversed; this might happen if all three signs in question (

016,

^* 072, and

051) were phonetically similar, as indeed they seem to be.

JGY normalizes

side inscription transnumeration normalization

a X •:^* X •-072-038-007-016 X KA-JA-MI-KI

b vacat vacat vacat

or:

^* 016-038-011 072-049, KI-JA-MI KA-RO₂

Compare
a: Linear A; if KA-JA-MI-KI, cf. KA-NI-JA-MI (CR(?) Zf 1); cf. ]MU *312[ (HT 78.1); if KI-JA-MI KA-RO₂, cf. ]-KE-JU-MI[ (KN Za 19), and KA-RU (HT 75.1; HT 97a.1), "actual payment"

#099 MA/P He (HM no. unknown [ÉM, H. 13]), medallion [broken at top] ([2.5] x [3.5] x 0.8 cm)

side inscription transnumeration

a ]• >< [ ]049-060-•[

b vacat vacat

Comments

Because of the probable phonetic value of

060 KO₂, the signgroup should be read retrograde.

JGY normalizes

side inscription transnumeration normalization

a ]#149; [ >< ]• 060-049[ ]• KO₂-RO₃[

Compare
a. Linear A: KU-RO ("balance," "total")

#100 MA/P He (HM 1400 [ÉM, H. 10]), medallion [no hole] (piriform: 2.5 x 3.1 x 0.8)

side inscription transnumeration

a 11 *155 11

b vacat vacat

JGY normalizes

side inscription transnumeration normalization

a 11 *155 11 FIC 11

b vacat vacat vacat

#101 MA/P He (HM 1396 [ÉM, H. 8]), medallion [pierced from either side] (4.5 x [3.5] x 1.1 cm)
As on the medallion

side inscription transnumeration

a >? 042-041-049

b 703[ 703[

CHIC normalizes

side inscription transnumeration

a-b >? 703[ 042-041-049 703[

Comments

Malia Document Sets, II: Palace 1

Transaction Document

Compare

042-041-011 (#027.b); and see Notes to Sign 041, which suggests that

041 is a logogram; if so,

042-049 might be an abbreviation for

042-<072>-049 (given the Linear A parallels).

JGY normalizes

side inscription transnumeration normalization

a-b <> 703[ 041-<072>-049 *041 703[ A-<KA>-RO₃ TELA 703[

or:

042-041-049, A-WA-RO₃

Compare
a-b: Linear A: A-KA-RU (HT 2.1; HT 86a.1, b.1)

#102 MA/P He (HM 1399 [...M, H. 12]), medallion [no suspension hole] ([2.4] x [2.9] x 0.9 cm)
As on the medallion

side inscription transnumeration

a [ >< 028-041[

b ]30 ]30

CHIC normalizes

side inscription transnumeration

a-b [ >< 30[ 028-041[ 30[

Comments

The inscription may abbreviate

028-049 041-003; see Notes to Sign 028.

JGY normalizes

side inscription transnumeration

a-b [ >< 30[ 028-041[ 30[ KU₂ TELA

Compare
a-b: Linear A: TELA+KU (HT 38.3)

#103. MA/P He (HM 1398 [ÉM, H. 11]), medallion [�] ([1.8] x 3.4 x 0.7 cm)
As on the medallion

side inscription transnumeration

a ]^*[ >< ]070-055-057-056[

b ][ ]*163[

CHIC normalizes

side inscription transnumeration

a-b ]^*[ >< ][ ]070-055-057-056[ ][

Comments

Malia Document Sets, II: Palace 1.

Transaction Document

Although the signgroup is hapax legomenon here, sign

055 is adjacent a Rv syllabogram in two other signgroups (see Notes to Sign 055). It is tempting, therefore to read this signgroup retrograde; cf. X

>< X 070-056-057-011 (#185). On tablets #119.r1 and #120.vB the signgroup

050-057-056 recurs, but it is probably a signgroup unique to these documents.

The logogram

*163 is hapax legomenon here; see Notes to Sign *163.

JGY normalizes

side inscription transnumeration

a-b ]^*[ >< ][ ]056-057-055-070[ >< ][ ]KU-KI-KE-RO[ ]TELA₂[

Compare
a-b: Linear A: if retrograde, cf. KE-KI-RU (HT 94b.2), KI-KI-RA-JA (HT 85b.1); if orthograde: A-RA-KO-KU- (KO(?) Zf 2)

#104. MA/P He (HM 1395 [ÉM, H. 7]), medallion [-->] (3.7 x 4.1 x 0.5 cm)
As on the medallion

side inscription transnumeration

a 032-009-056

b 100 *168 100

CHIC normalizes

side inscription transnumeration

a-b 100 032-009-056 *168 100

Comments

Malia Document Sets, II: Palace 1

a: For the signgroup,

009-056, see Notes to Sign 009 and Notes to Signgroups XVI, which suggest that

009 is an initial and that the signgroup

009-056 is separate. The placement of the signs on the document argues for separating them thus:

009-056 *032. Sign

032 was written so boldly it could actually be

031.

b: CHIC: or *040 ?? JGY: logogram *168 is a hapax legomenon here. Its placement on side b is on the other side of

009-056; consequently, the alternative reading

040 is attractive. The number is written as a straight stroke.

JGY normalizes

side inscription transnumeration normalization

a-b ^*(/) ^* 100 009-056-040(/*168) 031 100 A₂-KU-RO₂(*168) RE 100

or:

031-009-056, RE-A₂-KU; or:

032-009-056, RE-A₂-KU; or:

^*, KU-A₂-RE/RE, all plus

*168

Compare
a-b: Linear A: A-KA-RU (HT 2.1; HT 86a.1, b.1); A-KI-RO (ARKH 46.4); JA-KU (MA 3b.2); if RE-A₂-KU, cf. ]-RE-I-KE (PS Za 2.1), ]RU-I-KO (HT 24b.4); if KU-A₂-RE/RE, cf. ]-*306-TI-KA-A-RE[ (HT 4.1)

#105. MA/P Hf (HM 1381 [ÉM, H. 16]), lame with 2 faces [pierced end not preserved] (2.8 x [5.4] x 1.1 cm)

side inscription transnumeration

aA ]• ]•-016-038

aB ]• 210 ]•-013-035 210

b vacat vacat

Comments

aA: see Notes to Sign 016, and Inflection Sequence 5b2.

aB: The signgroup is a hapax legomenon. Sign

035 is rare, occuring only three times in Hieroglyphic (]•

]•-013-035 [#105.aB]; ]

]035-053-034 >? [#115.a]; and

042-056-035 [#119.li]); it may be a terminal.

The number 210: CHIC: first hundred is over an erasure; 210 forms a graphic unit and to identify here sign 073 twice seems difficult. JGY: The hundreds are circles, the ten a dot; the entire number 210 is spread over both lines.

JGY normalizes

side inscription transnumeration

aA ]• ]•-016-038 ]•-KI-JA

aB ]• 210 ]•-013-035 210 ]•-MU₂-SU 210

b vacat vacat vacat

Compare
aA: Linear A: cf. JA-KI[ (ZA 26a.2), JA-KI-PA3[ (PH 22a.2), JA-KI-SI-KI-NU (ARKH Zf 9)
aB: Linear A: cf. JA-SU-MA-TU (SY Za 2a), WI-JA-SU-MA-TI-TI-*319 (HT Zd 157), ]A-SU-MI-*118[ (ARKH 1a.4)

#106. MA/P Hf (HM 1383 [ÉM, H. 15]), lame with 2 faces [pierced end not preserved] (2.3 x [3.4] x 0.8)

side inscription transnumeration

a ] ]013-049

b vacat vacat

Comments

Knossos Document Set 6, related.

Transaction Document

a: See Inflection Sequence 5a1, and Notes to Sign 013, which suggests the tripartite transaction term with the logogram in the middle:

]

, 057]-049 *152.

b: CHIC: trace of what could be an unfinished suspension hole, which only pierces half the distance.

JGY normalizes

side inscription transnumeration normalization

a ] 057]-049 *152 KI-]RO₃ BOS

b vacat vacat vacat

Compare
a: Linear A: cf. KI-RO ... BOS (HT 30.4)

#107. MA/P Hf (HM no. unknown [ÉM, H. 18]), lame with 2 faces [pierced end not preserved] ([1.3] x [3.1] x 0.9 cm)

side inscription transnumeration

a ]•• ]•-020-•

infra mutila infra mutila

supra mutila supra mutila

b vacat vacat

Comments

Transaction Document

JGY normalizes

side inscription transnumeration normalization

a ]•• ]•-020-• ]•-AI-•

infra mutila infra mutila infra mutila

supra mutila supra mutila supra mutila

b vacat vacat vacat

#108. MA/P Hf (HM 1386 [ÉM, H. 17]), lame with 2 faces [pierced end not preserved] (1.6 x [2.3] x 0.9 cm)

side inscription transnumeration

a 5[ *169 5[

b ]6 ]6

Comments

Knossos Document Set 3b, Related

a: sign

*169 is hapax legomenon here; it may indicate a group number or tally mark. See notes to the transaction documents KN #059 and MA #112.

b: CHIC: Perhaps a trace of a sign before ]6 (itself rather strange).

#109. MA/P Hf (HM 1385 [ÉM, H. 14]), lame with 2 faces [-->] (2.6 x [6.1] x 0.9 cm)
As on the lame

side inscription transnumeration

a | •[ 019-034 | 003-•[

b [ 036-092[

CHIC normalizes

side inscription transnumeration

a | 019-034 |

•[ 003-•[

b [ 036-092[

Comments

b: CHIC: traces in the break: 30[ ? JGY: the signgroup has the phonetic value of SA₂-RU[, probably a variant spelling of SA-RO (see Notes to Signgroups II), probably a toponymn, probably near or at Malia.

JGY normalizes

side inscription transnumeration normalization

a | •[ 019-034 | 003-•[ SA-TA | VIR₃-•[

b 30[ 036-092 30[ SA₂-RU 30[

Compare
a: Linear A: SA-TA (HT117a.7 heading), SA-TA (HT 42.1)
b: Linear A: SA-RU (HT 86a.2, b.2; HT 94b.3; HT 95a.3, b.1; HT 124a.4-5); cf. SA-RA2 (see Notes to Signgroups II)

#110. MA/P Hf (HM 1384 [ÉM, H. 19]), lame with 2 faces [<-->] (2.4 x [3.6] x 0.8 cm))

side inscription transnumeration

a [ 044-040[

b ^*• 085- [

Comments

b: ÉM, p. 23 & 56 : "Linear" !

JGY normalizes

side inscription transnumeration normalization

a [ 044-040[ KO-RO₂[

b ^*• 085-•[ WI-•[

Compare
a: Linear A: KU-RO ("balance," "total")

#111. MA/P Hh (HM 1389), bar 4 faces [pierced from a -> c] (1.9 x 9.0 x 1.9 cm).
As on the bar and as CHIC normalizes

side inscription transnumeration

a •-[ ]60[ •-[ ]60[

b1 vestigia vestigia

b2 vestigia vestigia

c ][ ]025[

d1 vestigia vestigia

d2 ]40[ ]40[

JGY normalizes < /TR>

side inscription transnumeration normalization

a •-[ ]60[ •-[ ]60[ •-[ ]60[

b1 vestigia vestigia vestigia

b2 vestigia vestigia vestigia
c ][ ]025[ ]TE[

d1 vestigia vestigia vestigia

d2 ]40[ ]40[ ]40[

Note: bars #112, #113, and #114 will be presented first, with notes to individual signgroups, then discussed together as transaction documents.

#112. MA/P Hh (HM 1391 [ÉM, H. 21]), bar with 4 faces [?] (1.8 x [6.4] x 1.6 cm)

As on the bar

side	inscription	transnumeration
a	]• \|	]•-042-049-016-016-077 \| 057-070-061-005-019
b	]	]077-042-049-016-016-056-077
c	]^* \| 10 ^*	]002-061 \| *170 10 050-070-013-063-038
d	] \| \| ^*	]042-063-060 \| 008-070-060 \| 036-031

CHIC normalizes

side	inscription	transnumeration
a	]• \|	]•-042-049-016-016-077 \|
		057-070-061-005-019
b	]	]077-042-049-016-016-056-077
c	]^* \| 10	]002-061 \| *170 10
	^*	050-070-013-063-038
d	] \|	]042-063-060 \|
		008-070-060
	^*	036-031

Comments

Malia Document Sets, II: Palace 1

Since the pierced end of the bar is not preserved, sides a/c are arbitrarily labeled.

a & b: for the repeated signgroup

042-049-016-016-077, see Notes to Sign 016.

a1: CHIC: the second 016 is over

056

. JGY: the first sign after the break is probably

077; since

042 is always an initial, the long signgroup should be divided thus:

]

, to resemble line b; see Notes to Sign 042.

a2: since

061 is always a terminal, the signgroup should be divided thus:

057-070 and

005-019 (see Notes to Sign 061). For signgroup

057-070-061, see Transaction Terms. The signgroup

005-019 is hapax legomenon, but it may recur in #079.a.

b: CHIC: probable accident after the second 077. JGY: probably not -- the second

077 was written deliberately small to accommodate another mark, perhaps 10; see Notes to Sign 042.

c1: as duplicated in #113.a, signgroup ]

]002-061 can be restored as

^*]

047-002-061.

c2: logogram

*170 is hapax legomenon, but I conjecture that it is similar to

074-075 on #053.c2: a circle enscribing a collected number, a group number. Here, the circle seems to enscribe a tally mark (cf. KN #063.d), perhaps in this case the number 10, which would supply the extra ten implied by the total ]•

20 on MA #113.b2.

c2: for signgroup

050-070-013-063-038, Notes to Sign 013 suggest that

^* 013 is logogram *152:

050-070 *152 063-038. If so, signgroup

063-038 would be hapax legomenon.

d1: CHIC: the first 060 is over an erasure; and perhaps there is an erasure after 031. JGY: Signgroup ]

]042-063-060 is intact since sign

042 is an initial; cf.

057-023-042-063-060 (#113.d1).

d3: for the signgroup

036-031, see Notes to Signgroups II:

is probably a misspelling for

JGY normalizes #112, following the order established in Malia Document Sets II, Palace 1C

side	inscription	transnumeration	normalization
c1	]^* \|	047-]002-061 \|	QE]-VIR₂-
c2-3	^*	050-070 *152	TI-RO BOS
c4-5	10	063-038 *170 (= 10? +) 10	PA-JA Group 10 + 10 = 20 ?
a1-3	]^* \|	]077 042-049-016-016-056-077 \| 057-070-061	]RU₂ A-RO₃-KI-KI-KU-RU₂ KI-RO-
a4		005-019	Rv-SA
b	]	]077 042-049-016-016-056-077	]RU₂ A-RO₃-KI-KI-KU-RU₂
d1	]	057-023]	KI-TU]
d2	] \|	]042-063-060 \|	A-PA-KO
d3		008-070-060	A₃-RO-KO
d4	^*	036-031	SA₂-RE

Compare

c1: Linear A: VIR+KA (HT 28a.4; HT 88.1; HT 97a.1; HT 100.1; KH Wc 2029-32, 2106; KH Zb <53>)

c2-3: Linear A: O-TI-RO (HT 93a.6-7 alternative reading)

c4-5: Linear A: PA-JA (HT 41a.4), PA-JA-RE (HT 8b.4; HT 29.2; HT 88.5; ZA 10b.5-6)

a1-3: Linear A: KI-KI-RA-JA (HT 85b.1); cf. KI-KI-NU (HT 88.2); KI-RO ("owed")

a4: Linear A: RU-SA (HT 96a.3)

b2: Linear A: KI-KI-RA-JA (HT 85b.1); cf. KI-KI-NU (HT 88.2)

d1: Linear A: [•]-KI-TA (HT 29.4-5), A-*301-KI-TA-A (TY 3a.7; TY Zb 2), A-KU-TU-*361[ (HT 6a.7), DI-KA-T[ (HT 56a.2 alternative reading), KI-TA-I (HT 123a.1), KU-TU-KO-RE (ZA 8.2), SE-KU-TU (HT 115a.2), [•]-KI-TA, ]*306-KI-TA₂ (HT 122b.2)

d2: Linear A: A-PA-KI (KN Zb 40.1)

d3: Linear A: A-RO-KO (KO (?) Zf 7)

d4: Linear A: SA-RA2 (see Notes to Signgroups II)

#113. MA/P Hh (HM 1390 [ÉM, H. 22]), bar with 4 faces [?] (1.8 x [5.8] x 2.1 cm)

As on the bar (for the transcription of cA-B, cf. #120)

side	inscription	transnumeration
a	X ^* \| [	X 047-002-061 \| 049-038[
b1	•• 10 \| [	050-070-•-•-019 10 \| 057[
b2	]• 20 \|	]•-056-077 20 \| 073-090
c		012-050
cA	[	042-049-016-016[
cB	]	]040-013
d	X \| [	X 057-023-042-063-060 \| 008-070[

CHIC normalizes

side	inscription	transnumeration
a	X ^* \|	X 047-002-061 \|
	[	049-038[
b1	•• 10 \|	050-070-•-•-019 10 \|
	[	057[
b2	]• 20 \|	]•-056-077 20 \|
		073-090
cA	/ [	012-050 / 042-049-016-016[
cB	]	]040-013
d	X \|	X 057-023-042-063-060 \|
	[	008-070[

Comments

Transaction Documents; Malia Document Sets, II: Palace 1

See the pierced end of the bar is not preserved, sides a/c are arbitrarily labeled.

a1: CHIC: 047 or 073 ?

a2 & b3: the two signgroups

[ 049-048[ and •

] ]�-056-077 appear together on the incised stone libation table,

056-077-049-038-029 on #328.

b1: CHIC: the two illegible signs are perhaps 023-013. JGY: CHIC's suggestion is good, and parallels (see Notes to Sign 013) suggest separating 050-070 as a transaction signgroup.

b2 & d1: the two signgroups beginning with

057 should be transaction terms: see Transaction Terms, and Notes to Sign 042 and Notes to Signgroups XIII.

b3. the sign before

056 is

016; the tips of the horns are visible.

b4. signgroup

073-090 is hapax legomenon.

cA: for the signgroup

012-050, cf. X

X 013-050 *004 (#264.a). The signgroup fills the entire width of the bar, after which the face is divided into two registers.

cA1: for the signgroup

[ 042-049-016-016[, compare ]

]077-042-049-016-016-056-077 (#112.b); see Notes to Sign 042.

cB: CHIC: empty space after 013 over an erasure. JGY: the signgroup ]

]040-013 may recur as

019-040-013 (#194), and/or it may recall

050-070-013-063-038 (#112.c).

d2: the signgroup can be restored as

(#112.d2); see Notes to Sign 008.

JGY normalizes #113, adding graphically how cAB appears

side	inscription		transnumeration		normalization
a1-2	X ^* \| [		X 047-002-061 \| 049-038[		QE-VIR₂- \| RO₃-JA[
b1-2	•• 10 \| [		050-070-•-•-019 10 \| 057[-070		TI-RO-•-•-SA 10 \| KI[-RO
b3-4	] 20 \|		]016 056-077 20 \| 073-090		]KI KI-RU₂ 20 \| KU-
c		A: [ ---------------------- B: ]	012-050	042-049-016-016[-077 ------------------------- ]040 *152	MU-TI / A-RO₃-KI-KI[-RU₂ ]RO₂ BOS
d	X \| [		X 057-023 042-063-060 \| 008-070[-060		X KI-TU A-PA-KO \| A-RO-[KO

Compare

a1: Linear A: VIR+KA (HT 28a.4; HT 88.1; HT 97a.1; HT 100.1; KH Wc 2029-32, 2106; KH Zb <53>)

a2: Linear A: RU-JA (KN Wc 26a), RO-E (PH 24), -RO-AU-TA- (KO (?) Zf 2), I-RU-JA (HT 7a.2); cf. -RA/E/I-JA endings & -JA-RA/E endings

b1: Hieroglyphic: RO-RE-SA (#054e, #056aA), RO-ZE-SA (#298b.2):

b2: Linear A: KI-RO ("owed")

b4: Linear A: KI-RO ("owed")

c1: Linear A: ]-TA-NU-MU-TI (KN Za 10)

c2: Linear A: KI-KI-RA-JA (HT 85b.1); cf. KI-KI-NU (HT 88.2)

d1: Linear A: ]-KI-TA (HT 29.4-5), A-*301-KI-TA-A (TY 3a.7; TY Zb 2), A-KU-TU-*361[ (HT 6a.7), DI-KA-TU[ (HT 56a.2 alternative reading), KI-TA-I (HT 123a.1), KU-TU-KO-RE (ZA 8.2), SE-KU-TU (HT 115a.2), ]-KI-TA, ]*306-KI-TA2 (HT 122b.2)

d2: Linear A: A-PA-KI (KN Zb 40.1)

d3: Linear A: A-RO-KO (KO (?) Zf 7)

#114. MA/P Hh (HM1393 [ÉM, H. 25]), bar with 4 faces [?] (1.7 x [2.7] x 1.7 cm)

side	inscription	transnumeration
a	]••[ ><	]•-070-007-•[
b	]•[ ><	]070-013-•[
c	]••[	]•-•[
d	]••^*[ ><	]•-•-057-023[

Comments

Malia Document Sets, II: Palace 1

Since the pierced end of the bar is not preserved, sides a/c are arbitrarily labeled.

b: the signgroup corresponds to

^* 050-070-013 (#112.c2-3); see Notes to Sign 013.

c: CHIC: perhaps ]057-023[ (cf. the following face), but perhaps an initial X between the two signs.

d: CHIC: perhaps ]•-040-057-023[, but ]•-030-057-023[ is not entirely impossible. JGY: after the surviving signgroup ]••

^*[ there should be

; see #112.d1 and #113.d1. Also see Transaction Terms, and Notes to Sign 042 and Notes to Signgroups XIII.

JGY normalizes

side	inscription	transnumeration	normalization
a	]••[ ><	]•-070-007-•[	]•-RO-MI-•
b1-2	]	050-]070 *152	TI-]RO BOS
b3-4	^*[ 10	063[038 *170	PA[-JA *170 = group number = 10?
c	]••[	]•-•[	]•-•[
d	]••^*[	]•-• 057-023[ 042-063-060	]•-• KI-TU[ A-PA-KO

Compare

a: Linear A: if > RI-MI-SI, RU-MI-[, WI-RA-RE-MI-TE, ]MA-RE-RI-MI-DE[; if < MI-RU-TA-RA-RE, ]KI-MI-RA2[

b1-2: Linear A: A-TI-RU (ZA 4a.3), O-TI-RO (HT 93a.6-7 alternative reading), U-TA-RO (HT 116a.1), WI-TE-RO (HT 25b.6), ]-RO-NI (HT 26b.2 alternative reading), *034-TI-RI- (KN Zc 6); cf. -RA/E/I-JA endings & -JA-RA/E endings

b3: Linear A: PA-JA (HT 41a.4), PA-JA-RE (HT 8b.4; HT 29.2; HT 88.5; ZA 10b.5-6)

d1-2: Linear A: ]-KI-TA (HT 29.4-5), A-*301-KI-TA-A (TY 3a.7; TY Zb 2), A-KU-TU-*361[ (HT 6a.7), DI-KA-TU[ (HT 56a.2 alternative reading), KI-TA-I (HT 123a.1), KU-TU-KO-RE (ZA 8.2), SE-KU-TU (HT 115a.2), ]-KI-TA, ]*306-KI-TA2 (HT 122b.2)

Set of Transaction Documents: #112, #113, #114

#114 #112 #113

c1. ]^* a1. X ^*

a. ]••[ a2. [

b. ] [^* = 10 c2.-3. (Group=10?) 10 (total: 20) b1. •• 10

a1-2. ]^*

a3.-4. b2. [

b3. ] 20

b4.

c. ]•• [ c.

b. ] cA. [

cB. ]

d. ] •• ^* [ d1.-2. ] d1. X

d3. d2. [

d4. ^*

#114 #112 #113

c1. 047-]002-061 a1. X 047-002-061

a. ] •-070-007-•[ a2. 049-038[

b. 050-]070 *152 063[-038 *170 = 10 c2-3. 050-070 *152 063-038 *170 (Group=10?) 10 (total: 20) b1. 050-070-•- •-019 10

a1-2. ]077 042-049-016-016-056-077

a3-4. 057-070-061 005-019 b2. 057[-070

b3. ]016 056-077 20

b4. 073-090

c. ]•- • [ c. 012-050

b. ]077 042-049-016-016-056-077 cA. 042-049-016-016[

cB. ]040 *152

d. ] •- • 057-023[ 042-063-060 d1-2. 057-023 ]042-063-060 d1. X 057-023 042-063-060

d3. 008-070-060 d2. 008-070[-060

d4. 036-031

Set of Transaction Documents: Comments

Transaction Document: see the notes to KN #059.

Document #113 may record the original assessment (20), or a complex arrival of at least two commodities in quantities of 10 and 20; document #112 seems to deal with just the 10, which KN #059 (and MA #108) record as actually 11. Document #114 may deal in some way with the remaining commodities.

The signgroup

047-002-061 on both documents is also otherwise unattested. The Linear A equivalent VIR+KA occurs several times: HT 28a.4, HT 88a.1, and HT 97a.1; KH Wc 2029-2032, and 2106; and KN Zb <53>.

The second part of #113 (faces c & d), and presummably the comparable section of at least #112.b & d, contains a different type of text: only signgroups and no numbers.

In the Linear A documents signgroup VIR+KA occurs with KI-KI-NA (HT 88.1 & .2) and with seal impessions made by a lentoid (or disk) carrying two antithetic goat heads (CMS V Suppl. 1A, no. 158) on KH Wc 2029-2031 and 2106; VIR+KA occurs at Khania with other seal impressions, and the seal with two goat heads stamped roundels incised with other inscriptions (mostly vessel types) - the pairing of the word and the motif is not exclusive. Nonetheless, the occurrence of VIR+KA with signgroups containing the rare doubling KI-KI and with seal impressions containing two goat heads, as in the Hieroglyphic signgroup

042-049-016-016-077, seems hardly fortuitous.

An interesting comparison is with Linear A document HT 85 whose heading contains A-DU *638 VIR. Side A contains a list of names with numbers adding to a total KU-RO 66. Side B begins with the word KI-KI-RA-JA and then lists eleven names, each with a single unit (is 11 a coincidence? see the related Hieroglyphic document #059).

#115. MA/P Hh 1392 (HM 1392 [ÉM, H. 23]), bar with 4 faces [?] (1.3 x [2.9] x 1.3 cm)

side inscription transnumeration

a ] >? ]035-053-034

b ]• ]•-013-060

c ] vacat ]vacat

d ] vacat ]vacat

Comments

Since the pierced end of the bar is not preserved, sides a/c are arbitrarily labeled.

a: The signgroup is hapax legomenon.

b: CHIC: Perhaps traces of an erasure. JGY: For the signgroup, compare X

X 060-013 (#059.bA1). This signgroup may also be one where the medial

is to be separated as logogram *152, and

060 is part of a transaction term like

KO₂-RO₃ (#099a).

JGY normalizes

side inscription transnumeration normalization

a ] >? ]035-053-034 ]SU-JA-TA

b ^* 060-049 *152[ KO₂-RO₃ BOS

c, d ] vacant ]vacant ]vacant

b: or: ]•

]•013-060, ]•-MU₂-KO₂

Compare
a: Linear A: ]SU-*065-TA[ (KN 22a), JA-SU-MA-TU (SY Za 2a), SI-MI-TA (HT 96a.2-3)
b: Linear A: cf. KI-RO ... BOS (HT 30.4)

#116. MA/P Hh (07) 05 (HM no. unknown [ÉM, H. 24]), bar with 4 faces [?] (1.9 x [2.7] x 1.9 cm)

side inscription transnumeration

a ] | vacat ]070 | vacat

b ]vacat ]vacat

c deest deest

d ]•• ]••

Comments

Since the pierced end of the bar is not preserved, sides a/c are arbitrarily labeled.

JGY normalizes

side inscription transnumeration normalization

a ] | vacat ]070 | vacat ]RO | vacat

b ]vacat ]vacat ]vacat

c deest deest deest

d ]•• ]•• ]••

#117. MA/P Hh (HM no. unknown), bar with 4 faces [?], in 2 fragments (3.1 x [3.8(+) 2.5] x 2.4)

side inscription transnumeration

a ]^*[ ]^* >< ]055-020[ ]011-040

b deest ] deest

c ] vacat [ ] vacat [ ] vacat [ ] vacat [

d ] vacat [ ] vacat [ ] vacat [ ] vacat [

e •[ •[

Comments

Since the pierced end of the bar is not preserved, sides a/c are arbitrarily labeled.

Transaction Document

a: CHIC: mark before sign 055, perhaps a separation bar.

a1: for the signgroup, cf. X <--

>< X <-- 020-011-010-068 (#272.g).

a2: for the signgroup, compare X

+[ ] 703 X 042-033-011 055+[ ] 703 (PE He 01.A-B). For the second sign to be

040, the hull needs to be read upside down to the bullface

011; in most cases, however, the boat sign is rightside up to other naturalistic signs. c: CHIC: traces of an erasure.

JGY normalizes

side inscription transnumeration normalization

a ]^*[ ]^* >< ]055-020[ ]011-040 [KE-AI[ ]SI-RO₂

b deest ] deest

c ] vacat [ ] vacat [ ] vacat [ ] vacat [

d ] vacat [ ] vacat [ ] vacat [ ] vacat [

e •[ •[

#118. MA/P Hh (HM 1388 [ÉM, H. 20]), bar with 4 faces [�]
As on the bar

side inscription transnumeration

a 10 ^* 1 1[ ] ^* 1 056-070 *159 10Λ *171 1Γ *172 1 [ ] *153 1Γ

b 1 2 040-057 *177 1Γ *173 2Δ

c 4 20 240 *155 4ΛΔ *156 20Λ *179 240

d 1 1 *161 1 *162 1

CHIC normalizes

side inscription transnumeration

a 10 056-070 *159 10Λ

^* 1 *171 1Γ *171 1Γ

1[ ] *172 1 [ ]

^* 1 *153 1Γ

b 1 040-057 *177 1Γ

2 *173 2Δ

c 4 *155 4ΛΔ

20 *156 20Λ

240 *179 240

d 1 *161 1

1 *162 1

Comments

Transaction Documents; Malia Document Sets, II: Palace 1: The first list (face a) gives a total (KU-RO), while the second list presents deficits (KI-RO₂).

Bar not pierced.

a: The list of commodities follows the standard order.

b-d: The commodities are listed in reverse order, implying also a retrograde reading for the heading <--

057-040.

c3: logogram

*179 resembles an upsidedown Hieroglyphic fraction like

Δ,

Θ, or an upsidedown Linear A fraction *704 E or *705 F -- compare Linear A JA-KU-TI E 240 (KN 1).

For the total (list a: 13 Λ 2Γ plus list b-d: 269 2Λ 2Δ Γ = 282 3Λ 2Δ 3Γ), the following values for the fractions (Λ = 1/2, Δ = 1/3, Γ = 1/6) yields a total assessment of 285, if we restore a3:

], *172 1[Γ].

JGY normalizes and reorders the lines KI-RO₂

side inscription transnumeration normalization

a 10 056-070 *159 10Λ KU-RO *159 10 1/2

a2 ^* 1 *171 1Γ *171 1 1/6

a3 1[] *172 1 [Γ] *172 1 [1/6]

a4 ^* 1 *153 1Γ GRA 1 1/6

b1+d2 1 057-040 *162 1 *162 1

d1 1 *161 1 *161 1

c3 240 *179 240 *179 240

c2 20 *156 20Λ VIN 20 1/2

c1 4 *155 4ΛΔ FIC 4 1/2+1/3 = 5/6

b2 2 *173 2Δ *173 2 1/3

b3 1 *177 1Γ *177 1 1/6

Compare
a1. Linear A: KU-RO ("balance," "total")
b1. Linear A: KI-RO ("owed")
c3. Linear A: JA-KU-TI E 240 (KN 1)

#119. MA/P Hi 01 (HM 1378 [ÉM, H. 30]), tablet (7.6 x 2.7 x 1.6 cm)
As on the tablet

r. [ ] 49 050-057-056 [ ] 073-049-013 49

l. i. 042-056-035

v. 068-009-056-050-070

CHIC normalizes

r1. [ ] 050-057-056 [ ]

r2. 49 073-049-013 49

l. i. 042-056-035

v. 068-009-056-050-070

Comments
Malia Document Sets, II: Palace 1
r2: Appendix XVII.A suggests that sign 013 is logogram *152.
l. i.: For the signgroup, Inflection Sequence 6. Placed on the end of the bar, this signgroup should be the primary heading.
v: Notes to Sign 068 suggest that 068 is a terminal, and, if so, the signgroup should be read retrograde; and Notes to Signgroups XVI suggests separating 009-056.

JGY normalizes and reorders the lines

l. i. 042-056-035 A-KU-SU

r1. [ ] 050-057-056 [ ] TI-KI-KU

r2. 49 49 KU-RO₃ BOS 49

v. <-- 070-050-056 009-068 RO-TI-KU A₂-Rv

Compare
v: Linear A: RU-I-KO (HT 24a.4); A-RI (PH 6.1, PH 6.3), A-RU (HT 9a.5-6, 9b.2-3; HT 49a.6)

#120. MA/P Hi 02 (HM 1379 [ÉM, H. 27]), tablet ([5.3] x 3.1 x 1.9 cm)
As on the tablet

r.A | [ 073-049-013 | 050[

r.B ^*[ 038-031-025-073[

l. i. [ 016 [

v.A X | 008-019-013 |

v.B | 050-057-056 |

v.A-B 300 300

CHIC normalizes

r.A1 | 073-049-013 |

r.A2 [ 050[

r.B ^*[ 038-031-025-073[

l. i. [ 016 [

v.A X | 008-019-013 |

v.B | 050-057-056 |

v.A-B 300 300

Comments
Malia Document Sets, II: Palace 1
Transaction Document
r.A, v.A: Appendix XVII.A & F suggests that 013 is probably logogram *152 BOS.
r.A: CHIC: 049 and 013 are possibly over an erasure. JGY: CHIC's normalization of [ 050[ implies that it is the logogram *176[, but since it occurs after a separation line, it should start another signgroup, perhaps [ 050[-057-056 (see v.B).
r.B: CHIC: 038-031-025 100[ equally possible. JGY: compare 038-031-010-061 (#270.g) and ^*^* >< 019-039-038-031 >< (#303.g), which suggest that either ^*[ 025-073[ could start a signgroup or stand for 100 *025 100. For signgroup 038-031-025, Linear A provides AU-RE-TE.
v.A-B: The separation bar between v.A-B and v.A & v.B implies a signgroup and/or logogram that precedes 300; since the number could be higher by several hundreds more but not by tens or units, it should be denoted ] 300. Perhaps the commodity being recorded here is *016, especially if BOS is modified by the signgroup on both lines v.A & probably r.A, and if 025 is associated with the number 100.
v.A: See Inflection Sequence 5a1.
v.B: The signgroup is a hapax legomenon.

JGY normalizes

side inscription transnumeration normalization

r.A    | [ 073-049 *152 | 050[-057-056 KU-RO₃ BOS | TI[-KI-KU

r.B    100[ 038-031 *025 100[ JA-RE TE 100

v.A X    | 008-019 *152 | 050-057-056 A₃-SA BOS

l. i.+v.A-B    [ ]300    *016 [ ]300    CAP [ ]300

Compare
r.B: Linear A: AU-RE-TE (KH 6.7)
v.A1: Linear A: A-SE *319 (HT 132.1); JA-SA-MU (ZA 15a.6); cf. A-SA-SU-MA-I-SE BOS (GO Wc 1)

Malia, Town (Ville)

#121. MA/V Hh (MASM 90-107/1-2.1), bar with 4 faces [?], from "north of the Sanctuary with Horns" (1.9 x [2.6] x 1.9 cm)

side inscription transnumeration

a X [ X 041[

b deest deest

c ]^*[ ]013[

d ]^* ]049

Comments
Malia Document Sets, II: Palace 1
Since the pierced end of the bar is not preserved, sides a/c are arbitrarily labeled.
d: the original signgroup may have been 056-049, KU-RO

JGY normalizes

side inscription transnumeration normalization

a X [ X 041[ X WA (TELA)[

b deest deest deest

c ]^*[ ]013[ ]BOS[

d ]^* ]049 ]RO

Back to the Homepage

Comments, corrections, questions: John Younger (jyounger@ku.edu)

side	inscription/seal impression	transnumeration	normalization
a	<-- 270[	042-077 175 270*[	A-RU₂ 270[
b	<-- 890[	042-062-061 890[	A-NA 890[
c, d	vacant	vacant	vacant

#114	#112	#113
	c1. ]^*	a1. X ^*
a. ]••[		a2. [
b. ] [^* = 10	c2.-3. (Group=10?) 10 (total: 20)	b1. •• 10
	a1-2. ]^*
	a3.-4.	b2. [
		b3. ] 20
		b4.
c. ]•• [		c.
	b. ]	cA. [
		cB. ]
d. ] •• ^* [	d1.-2. ]	d1. X
	d3.	d2. [
	d4. ^*

r.	[ ] 49	050-057-056 [ ] 073-049-013 49
l. i.		042-056-035
v.		068-009-056-050-070

r1.	[ ]	050-057-056 [ ]
r2.	49	073-049-013 49
l. i.		042-056-035
v.		068-009-056-050-070

l. i.		042-056-035	A-KU-SU
r1.	[ ]	050-057-056 [ ]	TI-KI-KU
r2.	49	49	KU-RO₃ BOS 49
v.	<--	070-050-056 009-068	RO-TI-KU A₂-Rv

r.A	\| [	073-049-013 \| 050[
r.B	^*[	038-031-025-073[
l. i.	[	016 [
v.A	X \|	008-019-013 \|
v.B	\|	050-057-056 \|
v.A-B	300	300

r.A1	\|	073-049-013 \|
r.A2	[	050[
r.B	^*[	038-031-025-073[
l. i.	[	016 [
v.A	X \|	008-019-013 \|
v.B	\|	050-057-056 \|
v.A-B	300	300