Linear A Grammar (set out in charts)


inaugural date: 27 December 2008; last update: 29 December 2008


Comments, corrections, questions: John Younger (jyounger@ku.edu)


For an Introduction to Linear A text

For the Linear A texts from Haghia Triada (Ayia Triada)

For the Linear A texts from other places

For Linear A religious texts grouped separately

Bibliography from 1980



1. Some nouns with changing endings

Normal case (Nom?)word-TEword-Mvword-Mv-NAword-Mv-NE
JA-SA-SA-RAJA-SA-SA-RA-MEJA-SA-SA-RA-MA-NAJA-SA-RA-A-NA-NE
DA-DU-MI-NE; cf. DA-DU-MA-TA, DA-MI-NU (HT 117a.8)
A-DU-KU-MI-NA (ZA 10a.3-4) DA-KU-MI-NE (KN Zf 31)
cf. KU-MI-NA-QE (HT Wc 3014a-b)
cf. A-KU-MI-NA (ZA 10a.1-2)
JE-TA-NA (HT We 1020g) A-TA-NA-TE (ZA 9.4-5; ZA 10a.2)
I-DA-MA-TEI-DA-MI?
I-PI-NA-MA] (KN Zc 7) cf. ]-PI-MI-NA-TEI-PI-NA-MI-NA
MI-NU-TE (HT 86a.5 NO; HT 95a.2, b.2-3; HT 106.1 1st name)
KA-*65KE-*65-MI
TA-TI (HT 26a.2; HT 97a.5)TA2-TI-TE (PK 1.3)
]*118-MI-NA (KN Za 19.2)
KA-DU-MA-NE (HT 29.6)
JA-SA-MU (ZA 15a.6) A-SA-MU-NE (ZA Zb 3.1)
JA-RU-MA-NE (PH 6a.3)
A-MA-RA-NE[ (SK Zb 1)

2. Alternative locative? (word-TI), all on HT 104
DA-KU-SE-NE-TI
I-DU-TI
PA-DA-SU-TI


3. Verbs


3rd sing3rd plu
DA-NA-SI (HT 126a.1)
DI-DI-KA-SE (ZA Zb 3.1)
E-NA-SI (KH 7a.2-3)
I-DU-TI (HT 104.2-3)
KA-NA-TI
KA-NA-NI-TI (KH Wc 2005)
PA3-KA-RA-TI (HT 8a.1-2)
U-NA-KA-NA-SI (KO Za 1c; SY Za 2b) A-KA-NU-ZA-TI (KN Zc 7)
U-NA-RU-KA-NA-JA-SI (PK Za 12.c)U-NA-RU-KA-NA-TI (PK Za 11.c)
*86-SI ? (HT 140)
A-MA-WA-SI (CR (?) Zf 1)
]RA-KI-TA-NA-SI[ KH 60.1
KA-PU3-SI (PH Wc 37; 1 impression; *320)

Transaction Verbs
3rd sing 3rd plu
KI-RI-SI (TY Zb 1; from the transaction term KI-RO)KI-RI-TA2 (HT 121.1, HT 114a)
U-MI-NA-SI (HT 28b.1-2, heading; HT 117a.1-2)

4. Adjectives
word-I-J/A-E-JA-A-JA-JA
A-MA (HS Zg 1; MA 1b.1; cf. ZA 7b.1)A-MA-JA (KH 14.1)
A-RI-JA[ (PH 28a.3)
A-SE-JA (HT 115a.4)
KI-KI-RA-JA (HT 85b.1)
KU-PA-JA (HT 116a.1)KU-PA3-RI-JA (HT 24a.1)
PA-SA-JA (HT Wc 3001)PA-SA-RI-JA (HT 24a.4)
PI-SA (HT 123b.2; cf. KH 6.6) PI/PA-SE-JA (HT 93a.8)
PA-SE (HT 18.1, 27b.5)PA-SE-JA (HT Wc 3001a; HT Wc 3002)
QE-RA2-U (HT 1.1, 95)QE-RA2-JA[ (HT 3.2)
QE-RA2-U (HT 1.1, 95) KI-KI-RA-JA (HT 85.b1)
SE-TO-I-JA (PR Za 1b)
SU-KI-RI-TESU-KI-RI-TE-I-A
*306-TU (HT 9a.2-3, 9b.3; etc.)*306-TU-JA (HT 115b.3)


5. Prefixes

wordJ/A-wordA-RE-word
A-SA-SA-RAJA-SA-SA-RA
*079-RA2-TI (HT 108.3)-A-*079-RA (KN Zc 7)
PA-RA-NE (HT 115a.4, 115b.1)A-PA-RA-NE(HT 96a.1-2, 96b.1 headings)A-RE-PI-RE-NA (ZA Zb 3.2)
DA-I (HT 12.6, "total"?); cf DA-I-PI-TA (ZA 8.5; ZA 10a.4-5)A-RE-DA-I (HT 29.5)
DI-KA-KI/TU[ (HT 52a.2)J/A-DI-KI-TE-TE-[¥ (PK Za 11.a-b; cf. Za 12.b)
DU-RE-ZA-SE (ZA 10a.5, 10b.1-2)A-DU-RE-ZA (KH 11.1)
DU-RA-RE (KN Zc 7)JA-DU-RA-TI (KN 1b.1-2)
I-TI (HT 25b.2; cf. HT 62+73.3, IO Za 12)A-I-TI-KI (HT 115b.4)
KA-NU-TI (HT 97a.3)A-KA-NU-ZA-TI (KN Zc 7)
KA-RU, heading/1st name (HT 97a.1)A-KA-RU, heading (HT 2.1 (1st name?), 86a.1)
KI-DA-RO (HT 117a.9)A-KI-DA-RO (KH Wa 1001a+g)
KI-RO (common)A-KI-RO (ARKH 4b.4)
KI-TA-I (HT 123a.1-2)A-KA-TA[ (KN 32a.2) / A-*301-KI-TA-A (TY Zb 4)
KU-TA[ (HT 115b.4)JA-KU-TI (KN 1a.1-2)
PA-RA-NE (HT 115a.4, 115b.1)A-PA-RA-NE (HT 96a.1-2, b.1, headings)A-RE-PI-RE-NA (ZA Zb 3.2)
PI-TI-NE-A-[ (ARKH 4a.4-5)WA-PI-TI-NA-RA2 (PH Zb 5)
SA-RA2 (HT 18.2, etc.)/SA-RA (HT 130.2)A-SA-RA2 (HT 89.1)
SI-DA-TE (ARKH 2.1)A-SI-DA-TO-I (ARKH 2.2-3)
SI-KI-RA (HT 8a.4)A-SI-KI-RA (KH 20.2)
SU+PU (HT 31.2, modifying VAS)/SU-PU2[ (HT 63.1)A-SU-PU-WA (ARKH 2.5-6)
TA-NA-TE (ZA 10a.1)A-TA-NA-TE (ZA 9.4-5; ZA 10a.2)
TU-ME-I (PK Za 8.a)A-RA-TU-ME (HT Wc 3024); cf. A-RE-TU-MI[ (ZA 7a.2-3)
U-RE-WI (HT 25a.2)AU-RE-TE (KH 6.7)
A-RE-SA-NA (THE Zb 2)


wordI-word
DA-MA-TE (KY ZA 2)I-DA-MA-TE (AR Zf 1, 2)
JA-PA (ZA 4a.3-4)I-JA-PA-ME (KH 7a.3; cf. IO Za 2)
KU-PI (ZA 14.3)I-KU-PI (KH 18.2)
KU-PA3-NA-TUI-KU-PA3-NA-TU-NA-TE (AP Za 2.1)
KU-TA[ (HT 115b)I-KU-TA (HT 35.1-2)
PA-SE-JA (HT Wc)I-PA-SA-JA (KH 10.3)
QA-*118 (KH 10.3)I-QA-*118 (HT 44a.1; HT 131a.2-3)
RU-JA (KN Wc 26a); cf. RU-JA-TA-DI (HT Wc 3008b)I-RU-JA (HT 7a.2)
TA-JA (HT Zd 156, "five"?)I-TA-JA (HT 28a.6)
TI-NI-TA (HT 27a.1)I-TI-NI-SA (ZA 15a.3)
ZU-RI-NI-MA (KN Zb?)I-ZU-RI-NI-TA (PH 6.2)


wordI-NA-word
I-DA (PK Za 18; ZA 2a.1)I-NA-I-DA-[ (IO Za 11)
JA-PA (ZA 4a.3-4)I-NA-JA-PA-QA (PK Za 11.d)
JA-RE-MI (HT 87.3)I-NA-JA-RE-TA[ (AP Za 2.2)
TE-SU-DE-SE-KE-I (KN Zf 31)I-NA-TA-I-ZU-DI-SI-KA (IO Za 6)
I-NA-WA (PH 6.1)
A-DU (common)WI-NA-DU (KH 5.3)


wordA-KI-word
PI-*034-TE (HT 116a.4)A-KI-PI-E-TE (KH 10.3-4)
SI-KI-NE (HT 116a.5-6)JA-KI-SI-KI-NU (ARKH Zf 9)


wordJ/A-wordJ/A-DU-word
JA-KI-SI-KI-NU (ARKH Zf 9)A-DA-KI-SI-KA (KH 5.1-2)
KU-MI-NA-QE (HT Wc 3014a-b)A-KU-MI-NA (ZA 10a.1-2)A-DU-KU-MI-NA (ZA 10a.3-4)
NI-TI-NU (KN Zc 6)A-DU-NI-TA-NA (ARKH 5.1)
RE-ZA (HT 13.2; HT 88.1-2)A-DU-RE-ZA (KH 11.1; cf. KH 4.1)
A-RA-TU (ZA 7a.1-2)JA-DU-RA-TI (KN 1b.1-2)
NI-MI (PK 1.6)WA-DU-NI-MI ( (HT 6b.1-2; HT 85b.4-5)
A-DU-ZA (PK 1.2; cf. A-DU-[•]-ZA, KH 11.1)
A-DU-[•]-KA/QE (TY 3a.3)
SI-KI-RA (HT 8a.4)A-SI-KI-RA (KH 20.2)


wordS-word
KI-RA (HT 103.5; ZA 8.1)SI-KI-RA (HT 8a.4)
DA-RE (HT 7a.4-5, etc.)SI-DA-RE (HT 17.3; HT 122a.5)
*KU-TU (implied: A-KU-TU-*361[, TY 3a.7)SE-KU-TU (HT 115a.3)
TE-TU (HT 7a.5; HT 13.3; HT 85b.2)SI-TE-TU (ZA 20.2)

wordO-word
TA-NI-KA (HT Wc 3004a; HT Wc 3005a)O-TA-NI-ZA-SE (ZA 5a.2-3)
MI-ZA-SE (ZA 15a.4)O-KA-MI-ZA-SI-I-NA (PK 1.3-4)
SA-QE-RI (HT 11b.4-5)O-SU-QA-RE (TL Za 1a)


6. Prefix - word - Suffix

wordWA-wordWA-word-RA
O-MI[ (ZA 27.2)WA-O-MI (HT Wc 3006a )
PI-TI-NE-A-[ (ARKH 4a.4-5)WA-PI-TI-NA-RA2 (PH Zb 5)
TU-MA (HT 94b.1)WA-TU-MA-RE (HT 128a.2) ??


7. Suffixes

wordword-TE
A-DI-KI-TU (IO Za 2)J/A-DI-KI-TE-TE (ZA 11)
A-KI-PI-E-TE (KH 10.3-4)
A-TA-NA-TE (ZA 9.4-5, ZA 10a.2)
DA-JU-TE (HT 34.1)
DA-ME (HT common)DA-MA-TE (KY Za 2)
DA-RU-*329 (HT 7b.2)DA-RU-NE-TE (HT 98b.2)
DE-SU-[¥]-*047-TE (ARKH 4a.3-4)
I-DA-MA-TE, DA-MA-TE (AR Zf 1; AR Zf 2)
RI-RU-MA (HT 118.4)WI-RA-RE-MI-TE (ZA 9.6)
MA-KA-RI-TE (HT 87.1-2; HT 117a.1-2; ZA 10b.3)
ME-TA-NI-TE (PK Zb 21)
A-*123-TE (HT 96a.1-2 heading)
U-RE-WI (HT 25a.2)AU-RE-TE (KH 6.7)
I-JA (CR? Zf 1)I-JA-TE (PH Zb 4)
KA-KU (HT 62+73.3)cf. KA-KU-NE-TE (ZA 10b.6)
KU-NI-SU (HT common)KU-NI-TE (KH 92.1)
MA-KA-I-SE (ZA 8.4), MA-KA-I-TA (PK 1.8; ZA 5b.2-3)MA-KA-RI-TE (HT 87.1-2; HT 117a.1-2; ZA 10b.3)
MA-TI-ZA-I-TE (PK 1.7)
ME-TA-NI-TE (PK Zb 21)
MI-NU-TE (HT 86a.5; HT 95a.2, b.2-3; HT 106.1 1st name)
PI-AI2-TE (HT 116a.4)
SI-DA-RE (HT 17.3; HT 122a.5)SI-DA-TE, heading (ARKH 2.1)
]KU-PA3-NU (HT 3.6)]-KU-PA3-NA-TU-NA-TE[ (AP Za 2.1)
]PI-MU (ZA 21a.2)]PI-MI-NA-TE (AP Za 2.2)


wordword-TI
RI-RU-MA (HT 118.4)RI-RU-MA-TI (PH(?) 31b.4)
MA-DA/TE-TI (PK 1.8)
NA-MA-MA-TI-TI-*319 (HT Zd 155)
JA-SU-MA-TU (SY Za 2a)WI-JA-SU-MA-TI-TI-*319 (HT Zd 157)


wordword-QE
JA-PA (ZA 4a.3-4) / I-JA-PA-ME (KH 7a.3; cf. IO Za 2)I-NA-JA-PA-QA (PK Za 11.d; etc.)
A-KU-MI-NA (ZA 10a.1-2)KU-MI-NA-QE (HT Wc 3014a-b)
KA-PA (HT 6a.1; HT 8b.4; HT 94a.1; HT 102.1 heading; HT 140.5)KA-PA-QE (HT 6a.4-5)
A-DUA-DU-[¥]-QE (TY 3a.3)
JE-TA-NA (HT We 1020g (b: AT 37))E-TA2-QE (PH Wg 45)
SA-RA (HT 130.2) / SA-RA2 / SA-RU / SA-RA-RA (HT 30.3)SA-RO-QE[ (HT 73+62.2)


wordword-A-RE
TA-JA (HT Zd 156, "five"?)TE-JA-RE (HT 117a.5)
QA-*118 (KH 10.3)QA-*118-RA-RE (HT 96b.1-2 name)
DU-RA-RE (KN Zc 7)
MI-RU-TA-RA-RE (HT 117a.4-5
TA-TA (KH 7a.3)TA2-TA-RE (= A-TA-RE, DA-TA-RE?) (PK 1.2)


wordword-ZA-SE
MI-ZA-SE (ZA 15a.4)
DU-RA-RE (KN Zc 7)DU-RE-ZA-SE (ZA 10a.5, 10b.1-2, 20.1)
I-TI-NI-SA (ZA 151.3)O-TA-NI-ZA-SE (ZA 5a.2-3)
TU-MI-TI-ZA-SE (ZA 14.3-4)


word-RA-TI

JA-DU-RA-TI (KN 1b.1-2)
*056-KA-RA-TI (HT 8a.1-2)
[•]-RA2-TI (HT 108.3)

word-A-DU
A-PU2-NA-DU (HT 14.3), second word in a two-word list, 2nd heading
WI-NA-DU (KH 5.3)
KA/QE-TI-RA-DU (HT 58.1)

word-SI-JA-SE
A-NA-NU-SI-JA-SE (HT Zb 159)
KI-TA-NA-SI-JA-SE (PE Zb 3)

wordmisc suffixes
KI-RE-TA2 (HT 85b.1-2; HT 129.1), KI-RI-TA2 (HT 114a.1, 121.1)KI-RE-TA-NA (HT 8a.5 name; HT 108.1 heading; HT 120.4-5 placename)
RU-JA (KN Wc 26a)RU-JA-TA-DI (HT Wc 3008b)
WA-DI-NI (HT Wc 3007; HT Wc 3008a)WA-DU-NI-MI (HT 6b.1-2; HT 85b.4-5)


7. Words with alternative spellings?

A-DA-RA (KN Zf 31 )A-DA-RO (ARKH 5.2)
A-KA-RA, heading? (PE Zb 3)A-KA-RU, heading (HT 2.1, 86a.1, 86b.1)
A-MI-DA-O (PH(?) 31b.5)A-MI-DA-U (ZA 10a.3)
A-*325-ZA (PE 2.3)U-*325-ZA (HT 10a.2, 10a.3; HT 85a.3)
DA-MI-NU (HT 117a.8),QE-DE-MI-NU (MA 1a
JA-MI-DA-RE (HT 122a.4)SA-MI-DA-E (ZA 15a.6-7; ZA 5a.3)
KI-KI-RA-JA (HT 85b.1)QE-RA2-U (HT 1.1-2; etc.), QE-RA2-JA[ (HT 3.2)
KI-RE-TA2 (HT 85b.1-2; HT 129.1)KI-RI-TA2 (2a.1, 121.1)
MI-DA-MA-RA2 (ARKH Zf 9) MI-DA-NI (HT 41a.4)
PA-*342-I (HT 43.1-2)QA-*310-I (HT 8a.3-4, 8b.3-4; HT 85b.5-6; HT 122a.4)
PU-RA2]PU2-RA2, ]PU2-RE-JA
RI-KA-TA (HT 146.4)RI-QE-TI (PO Zg 1)
SU-PU2[ (HT 63.1)SU-PU2-*188 (HT 8b.1)
TE-SU-DE-SE-KE-I (KN Zf 31)I-NA-TA-I-ZU-DI-SI-KA (IO Za 6)
WA-DI-NI (HT Wc 3007; HT Wc 3008a)WA-DU-NI-MI (HT 6b.1-2; HT 85b.4-5)
DA-TA-RA (HT 6a.1-2), DA-TA-RE (HT 88.6)TA2-TA-RE (PK 1.2), A-TA-RE (ZA 8.1)
]SA-MA-TI (HT 39.3)JA-SU-MA-TU (SY Za 2a), WI-JA-SU-MA-TI-TI-*319 (HT Zd 157)



Comments, corrections, questions: John Younger (jyounger@ku.edu)

For an Introduction to Linear A text

For the Linear A texts from Haghia Triada (Ayia Triada)

For the Linear A texts from other places

For Linear A religious texts grouped separately

Bibliography from 1980