Geometric to Late Classical (Xth - Ist centuries)
last update: 1 February 2006
Notes:
GEOMETRIC PERIOD
| ca. 950 | Proto-Geometric vase-painting: black bands, some compass-drawn circles | |
| ca. 900 | Early Geometric vase-painting: less black, more space, more circles | "Tomb of the Rich Athenian Woman" |
| ca. 800 | Middle Geometric vase-painting: meander patterns, pyxides & horse-handles introduction of Phoenician script & invention of vowels | |
| 776 | 1st Olympiad | |
| ca. 725 | Late Geometric vase-painting: horror vacui, free use of human figures and animals Homer and Hesiod; rise of "polis"; period of colonization | Dipylon amphora |
ORIENTALIZING
| ca. 690 | Phoenician & Syrian influence; invention of coinage; "tyrants" at Corinth, Syracuse, Samos Daedalic sculpture ProtoCorinthian pottery | "Lady of Auxerre", Prinias Temple
MacMillan Vase (~650) |
| 660/650 | Proto-Attic | Ram Jug Ptr, Analatos Ptr, Ptr of the New York Nessos |
| 610 | last Proto-Attic | Nessos Ptr |
ARCHAIC
| ca. 610 | pottery: Athenian black-figure (to ca. 525/510)
sculpture: kouroi & korai architecture: stone temples | Sophilos, C-Ptr, Kleitias & Ergotimos's "François krater"
"Berlin goddess", "Sounion" & NY kouroi T. of Apollo at Thermon, T. of Hera at Olympia |
| 566 | Panathenaia festival first celebrated? | Burgon vase (earliest Panathenaic amphora) |
| ca. 550 | change from Doric peplos to Ionic chiton | Acropolis korai begin |
| pre-525 | Siphnian Treasury, Delphi | |
| ca. 525 | Peisistratos in Athens
red-figure invented | Hekatompedon pediments
the "Pioneers": Oltos, Euphronios, Euthymides |
| 514 | Harmodios & Aristogeiton assassinate Hipparchos | Antenor's "Tyrannicides" |
| 513-500 | Hippias in control of Athens | T. of Apollo (Alcmaeonid) pediments (Delphi) |
| 510/509 | expulsion of Hippias: the Kleisthenic democracy | Athenian Treasury, Delphi |
| 490 | 1st Persian invasion (Darius): defeat at Marathon (late Summer)
introduction of contrapposto in sculpture (Severe Style) victory architecture | Kritias Boy, Euthydikos Kore
T. Aphaia on Aigina, "PreParthenon" in Athens |
| 480 | 2nd Persian invasion (Xerxes) overland: Athens destroyed; Persian defeat at Salamis (20 Sept)
Phoenician defeat at Himera | T. of Aphaia, Aigina: new E. pediment |
CLASSICAL
| 479 | Persian remnants defeated at Plataia | Serpent Column |
| 478-4 | Charioteer, Delphi (Polyzelos of Syracuse) | |
| 477/6 | 2nd Tyrannicides Group, by Kritios & Nesiotes | |
| 468-457 | Temple of Zeus, Olympia | |
| 454 | Delian League moves to Athens = Athenian Confederacy | |
| 449 | Perikles becomes "polemarch"
Confederacy => Athenian Empire | Polykleitos fl. (Doryphoros)
High Classical vase painting (e.g., Polygnotos, Niobid Ptr) |
| 449-444 | Hephaisteion |
| 447-438/432 | Parthenon |
| 447-443 | Metopes |
| 442-438 | Frieze
Athena Parthenos |
| 438 | Parthenon dedicated |
| 438-432 | Pediments |
| 444-440 | Temple of Poseidon, Sounion |
| 440-436 | Temple of Ares, Acharnai (removed to Agora under Augustus) |
| 437-432 | Propylaia by Mnesikles |
| 436-432 | Temple of Nemesis, Rhamnous |
| 444/3 | Thurii founded | Italian red-figure begins
Syracuse Ptr |
| 431 | Peloponnesian War begins (the Peloponnesian League vs. the Athenian Empire) | |
| 429 | Plague at Athens; death of Perikles | Chryselephantine Zeus, Olympia |
| 427-424 | Temple of Athena Nike | |
| 425 | Athenian victory at Pylos | Nike of Paionios |
| 421 | Peace of Nikias
2nd plague in the Peloponnese | Erechtheion (421/0, 409-406): plan & Caryatids
T. of Apollo Epikourios, Bassae Late classical vase-painting (e.g., Meidias Ptr, Eretria Ptr) |
| 416/415 | Athenian expedition to Syracuse defeated | |
| 410 | democracy restored in Athens | |
| 409 | Athena Nike, temple & balustrade
Erechtheion completed (409-406), frieze | |
| 403 | Defeat of Athens at Aigospotomoi |
LATE CLASSICAL
| 399 | execution of Sokrates | |
| 395/4 | Corinthian War | Dexileos Stele |
| 394 | establishment of the Second Athenian Confederacy | |
| 388 | Plato teaches at the Academy | |
| 375 | *"Peace & Wealth" by
Kephisodotos *Apulian red-figure (e.g., Darius Ptr) | |
| 371 | defeat of Sparta at Leuktra by Thebes | 375-370 or 371-366: Temple of Asclepius (Epidaurus): architect Theodotos; sculpture by Timotheos & Hektorides |
| 364-55 | T. of Athena Alea, Tegea (Scopas) |
| 356/350 | T. of Artemis at Ephesos burnt; new temple begun (350) with sculptures by Scopas, |
| 353/350 | King Mausolus of Halikarnassos dies; Aspasia builds the "Mausoleum" (sculptures by Scopas, Bryaxis, Timotheos, & Leochares
Theatre & Tholos, Epidauros by Polykleitos II Euphranor's Paris, perhaps the Piraeus bronzes |
| 356 | birth of Alexander III of Macedon | |
| 362 | Thebes vs Sparta at Mantineia, Epaminondas dies there, Thebes retires | Record Relief (treaty of Athens with Arcadia) |
| 344-334 | Daochos Monument, copy at Delphi, by Lysippos | |
| ca. 340 | Krateros Group (Alexander, Krateros, lion), Delphi | |
| 339/8 | 4th Sacred War: Philip of Macedon calls the Synhedrion
Lykourgos: new building program in Athens | Athens: stone-built Theatre of Dionysos, Olympic stadium |
| 336 | assassination of Philip ascension of Alexander III | "Philip" Tomb at Vergina
Alexander's coinage by Lysippos |
| 335/4 | Athens: Lysicrates Monument | |
| 333 | Battle of the Issus: final defeat of Persia | Alexander Sarcophagus begun for King Abdalonymos of Sidon |
| 329 | Votive Relief with Artemis & Asklepios (Copenhagen) | |
| 323 | Alexander the Great dies at Babylon |
HELLENISTIC (datable art works only)
| 321-317 | Record Relief (Römische Mitteilungen 47, 1932, pl. 29.1) |
| 317/6 | Demetrios of Phaleron's anti-sumptuary decree: end of Attic sculpted stelai |
| 313 | Temple of Apollo, Didyma begun (work stops A.D. 14) |
| 306-280 | Portrait of Seleukos I |
| 304-285 | Portraits of Ptolemy I |
| 302-290 | Colossos of Rhodes by Chares of Lindos |
| 296-293 | Tyche of Antioch by Eutychides for the re-founding of Ephesos |
| 295-294 | Record Relief (S. Âsserott, Griechische Plastik, pl. 44.1) |
| 295-280 | Themis by Chairestratos |
| 289-281 | Arsinoeion, Samothrace |
| 280-279 | Demosthenes by Polyeuktos |
| 228 | Dying Gaul & Wife, Galatian monument by Attalos I |
| 200 | Chrysippos by Euboulides I?
Pergamine Monument at Athens |
| 190-185 | Nike of Samothrace by Pythokritos of Rhodes |
| 180 | Temple of Despoina, Lykosura by Damophon |
| 175-150 | Laokoon, Venus di Milo, & original of Sperlonga Group by Hagesandros, Polydoros, & Athanodoros of Rhodes
Belvedere Torso signed by Apollonios of Athens |
| 174 | Temple of Zeus Olympios ("Olympieion"), Athens begun by Antiochus IV Epiphanes of Seleucia (work stops A.D. 132) |
| 167 | Monument of Aemilius Paulus, Delphi |
| 159-138 | Stoa of Attalos II, Athens (reconstructed AD 1952) |
| 150-125 | Altar of Zeus, Pergamum |
| 146 | Rome destroys Corinth, its art works taken to Rome; the province of Greece established, including Achaia and Macedonia |
| 145-135 | Stele honoring historian Polybius (Delphi) |
| 138/7 | Portraits of Cleopatra & Dioskurides, Delos |
| 130 | Athena by Euboulides II
Gaios Ophellios (Delos) by Dionysios & Timarchides Temple of Artemis, Magnesia |
| 125 | Apotheosis of Homer, relief by Archelaus of Priene |
| 88 | Athens sacked by Sulla |
| 65-35 | statues signed by Stephanos, a pupil of Pasiteles, & Menelaos, a pupil of Stephanos |
| ca 50 | Neo-attic style |