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Donald Knuth

Knuth's self-documenting brand of programming, with algorithms and documentation intermixed in one file. They can be combined and separated using the programs Weave and Tangle. Versions exist for Pascal, C etc. Another application called Spiderweb can be used to create versions for other languages.

"Literate Programming", Donald E. Knuth, Computer Journal 27(2):97-111 (May 1984).